Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges

Abstract Achieving net-zero climate targets requires some level of carbon dioxide removal. Current assessments focus on tonnes of CO2 removed, without specifying what form these removals will take. Here, we show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kate Dooley, Kirstine Lund Christiansen, Jens Friis Lund, Wim Carton, Alister Self
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-10-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53466-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849726122059628544
author Kate Dooley
Kirstine Lund Christiansen
Jens Friis Lund
Wim Carton
Alister Self
author_facet Kate Dooley
Kirstine Lund Christiansen
Jens Friis Lund
Wim Carton
Alister Self
author_sort Kate Dooley
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Achieving net-zero climate targets requires some level of carbon dioxide removal. Current assessments focus on tonnes of CO2 removed, without specifying what form these removals will take. Here, we show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for removals. For over 40% of this area, the pledges envisage the conversion of existing land uses to forests, while the remaining area restores existing ecosystems and land uses. We analyse how this demand for land is distributed geographically and over time. The results are concerning, both in terms of the aggregate area of land, but also the rate and extent of land use change. Our findings demonstrate a gap between governments’ expected reliance on land and the role that land can realistically play in climate mitigation. This adds another layer to the observed shortcomings of national climate pledges and indicates a need for more transparency around the role of land in national climate mitigation plans.
format Article
id doaj-art-a998b43bde924bc3a8b003ac2eef391c
institution DOAJ
issn 2041-1723
language English
publishDate 2024-10-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Nature Communications
spelling doaj-art-a998b43bde924bc3a8b003ac2eef391c2025-08-20T03:10:17ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232024-10-0115111010.1038/s41467-024-53466-0Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledgesKate Dooley0Kirstine Lund Christiansen1Jens Friis Lund2Wim Carton3Alister Self4School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of MelbourneDepartment of Food and Resource Economics, University of CopenhagenDepartment of Food and Resource Economics, University of CopenhagenCentre for Sustainability Studies, Lund UniversitySchool of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The University of MelbourneAbstract Achieving net-zero climate targets requires some level of carbon dioxide removal. Current assessments focus on tonnes of CO2 removed, without specifying what form these removals will take. Here, we show that countries’ climate pledges require approximately 1 (0.9–1.1) billion ha of land for removals. For over 40% of this area, the pledges envisage the conversion of existing land uses to forests, while the remaining area restores existing ecosystems and land uses. We analyse how this demand for land is distributed geographically and over time. The results are concerning, both in terms of the aggregate area of land, but also the rate and extent of land use change. Our findings demonstrate a gap between governments’ expected reliance on land and the role that land can realistically play in climate mitigation. This adds another layer to the observed shortcomings of national climate pledges and indicates a need for more transparency around the role of land in national climate mitigation plans.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53466-0
spellingShingle Kate Dooley
Kirstine Lund Christiansen
Jens Friis Lund
Wim Carton
Alister Self
Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges
Nature Communications
title Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges
title_full Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges
title_fullStr Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges
title_full_unstemmed Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges
title_short Over-reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net-zero climate pledges
title_sort over reliance on land for carbon dioxide removal in net zero climate pledges
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53466-0
work_keys_str_mv AT katedooley overrelianceonlandforcarbondioxideremovalinnetzeroclimatepledges
AT kirstinelundchristiansen overrelianceonlandforcarbondioxideremovalinnetzeroclimatepledges
AT jensfriislund overrelianceonlandforcarbondioxideremovalinnetzeroclimatepledges
AT wimcarton overrelianceonlandforcarbondioxideremovalinnetzeroclimatepledges
AT alisterself overrelianceonlandforcarbondioxideremovalinnetzeroclimatepledges