Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows
Abstract Background Embryo implantation in early gestation is crucial for reproductive success, while dietary fiber plays a key role in regulating sow fertility. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the influence of dietary inulin on embryonic implantation using a s...
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BMC
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01247-0 |
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| author | Junlei Chang Xujing Pan Wenyan Wei Xuemei Jiang Lianqiang Che Yan Lin Yong Zhuo Bin Feng Lun Hua Jian Li Jianping Wang Mengmeng Sun Xilun Zhao Ruinan Zhang De Wu Shengyu Xu |
| author_facet | Junlei Chang Xujing Pan Wenyan Wei Xuemei Jiang Lianqiang Che Yan Lin Yong Zhuo Bin Feng Lun Hua Jian Li Jianping Wang Mengmeng Sun Xilun Zhao Ruinan Zhang De Wu Shengyu Xu |
| author_sort | Junlei Chang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Embryo implantation in early gestation is crucial for reproductive success, while dietary fiber plays a key role in regulating sow fertility. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the influence of dietary inulin on embryonic implantation using a sow model. Sows were fed a diet supplemented with 11 g/kg of inulin during early gestation and were slaughtered on gestation day 19 (G19). Uterine fluid exosomes (UFEs) and endometrial tissues were collected for high-throughput sequencing and for analysis of the expression of angiogenesis-related genes and proteins, respectively. Furthermore, UFEs obtained from slaughtered sows were injected into G19 sows to investigate the effects on reproduction and angiogenesis. Results The results showed that inulin significantly increased the number of blood vessels in the endometrium and expression of the angiogenesis-related proteins MMP2 and ANGPT1 in G19 sows (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that inulin significantly downregulated miRNAs associated with angiogenesis inhibition in UFEs, while upregulating miRNAs related to trophoblast physiological activities and regulation of the uterine fluid microenvironment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, intravenous injection of G19 sows with UFEs from sows fed a diet containing inulin had significantly promoted vascular formation in the endometrium and embryos, and increased the number of live embryos on gestation day 28 (G28) (P < 0.05). Additionally, the mRNA expression levels of MMP2, ANGPT1, and VEGF in the placentas of sows were significantly elevated on G28 and at farrowing in the UFEs injection group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Dietary supplementation with inulin during early gestation in sows promoted embryo implantation by regulating angiogenesis at the maternal–fetal interface through the modulation of miRNA expression in UFEs. These findings provide a theoretical reference for the application of dietary fiber in sow nutrition. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a976c3f68b9445718d7151d64daeeb9d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2049-1891 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a976c3f68b9445718d7151d64daeeb9d2025-08-20T03:43:10ZengBMCJournal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2049-18912025-08-0116111310.1186/s40104-025-01247-0Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sowsJunlei Chang0Xujing Pan1Wenyan Wei2Xuemei Jiang3Lianqiang Che4Yan Lin5Yong Zhuo6Bin Feng7Lun Hua8Jian Li9Jianping Wang10Mengmeng Sun11Xilun Zhao12Ruinan Zhang13De Wu14Shengyu Xu15Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Science, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAnimal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Embryo implantation in early gestation is crucial for reproductive success, while dietary fiber plays a key role in regulating sow fertility. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the influence of dietary inulin on embryonic implantation using a sow model. Sows were fed a diet supplemented with 11 g/kg of inulin during early gestation and were slaughtered on gestation day 19 (G19). Uterine fluid exosomes (UFEs) and endometrial tissues were collected for high-throughput sequencing and for analysis of the expression of angiogenesis-related genes and proteins, respectively. Furthermore, UFEs obtained from slaughtered sows were injected into G19 sows to investigate the effects on reproduction and angiogenesis. Results The results showed that inulin significantly increased the number of blood vessels in the endometrium and expression of the angiogenesis-related proteins MMP2 and ANGPT1 in G19 sows (P < 0.05). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that inulin significantly downregulated miRNAs associated with angiogenesis inhibition in UFEs, while upregulating miRNAs related to trophoblast physiological activities and regulation of the uterine fluid microenvironment (P < 0.05). Furthermore, intravenous injection of G19 sows with UFEs from sows fed a diet containing inulin had significantly promoted vascular formation in the endometrium and embryos, and increased the number of live embryos on gestation day 28 (G28) (P < 0.05). Additionally, the mRNA expression levels of MMP2, ANGPT1, and VEGF in the placentas of sows were significantly elevated on G28 and at farrowing in the UFEs injection group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Dietary supplementation with inulin during early gestation in sows promoted embryo implantation by regulating angiogenesis at the maternal–fetal interface through the modulation of miRNA expression in UFEs. These findings provide a theoretical reference for the application of dietary fiber in sow nutrition.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01247-0AngiogenesisEmbryo implantationExosomeInulinSow |
| spellingShingle | Junlei Chang Xujing Pan Wenyan Wei Xuemei Jiang Lianqiang Che Yan Lin Yong Zhuo Bin Feng Lun Hua Jian Li Jianping Wang Mengmeng Sun Xilun Zhao Ruinan Zhang De Wu Shengyu Xu Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology Angiogenesis Embryo implantation Exosome Inulin Sow |
| title | Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows |
| title_full | Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows |
| title_fullStr | Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows |
| title_short | Dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows |
| title_sort | dietary inulin supplementation in early gestation regulates uterine fluid exosomes and angiogenesis to improve embryo implantation in sows |
| topic | Angiogenesis Embryo implantation Exosome Inulin Sow |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40104-025-01247-0 |
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