<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms
Banana wilt disease is an important disease in banana production, causing significant losses. Herein, we investigated the mechanism by which <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> isolate X5 enhances the resistance of different resistant banana cultivars to <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. s...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-05-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/5/379 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850126875637055488 |
|---|---|
| author | Yunlong Xu Jun Wang Guangxiang Tian Changcong Liang You Zhou Lijia Guo Yang Yang Laying Yang |
| author_facet | Yunlong Xu Jun Wang Guangxiang Tian Changcong Liang You Zhou Lijia Guo Yang Yang Laying Yang |
| author_sort | Yunlong Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Banana wilt disease is an important disease in banana production, causing significant losses. Herein, we investigated the mechanism by which <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> isolate X5 enhances the resistance of different resistant banana cultivars to <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> race 4 (Foc4). From the perspectives of metabolism, transcriptome, and key genes in important pathways, this study analyzed the composition and content changes of other types of signaling molecules, such as free amino acids and soluble sugars, in resistant/susceptible varieties. The results indicate that under pathogen stress, the contents of root-secreted metabolite components in both resistant and susceptible varieties increase significantly overall, and the increase in susceptible varieties is generally higher. For example, the free amino acid components in susceptible varieties are significantly more than those in resistant varieties. However, the addition of biocontrol bacteria can inhibit this increase. Exogenous addition experiments prove that differential metabolites can either promote or inhibit Foc4 and X5 at certain concentrations. The results of KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment and GO (Gene Ontology) annotation show that resistant varieties have more defense pathways compared to susceptible varieties. Under X5 treatment, more defense genes in resistant varieties are activated or their expression is enhanced, promoting the plant roots to secrete more substances related to plant resistance, such as phenylpropanoids and lignin. This research revealed the effects of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> on bananas and pathogens, allowing valuable conclusions to be drawn. The results have good application potential to understand the relationships among the three species, defining the biocontrol effect and mechanism of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i>, and providing a theoretical basis for the biological control of soil-borne diseases such as banana wilt disease. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a94efe05e0054287a5cf1115c38d2dce |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj-art-a94efe05e0054287a5cf1115c38d2dce2025-08-20T02:33:50ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2025-05-0111537910.3390/jof11050379<i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different MechanismsYunlong Xu0Jun Wang1Guangxiang Tian2Changcong Liang3You Zhou4Lijia Guo5Yang Yang6Laying Yang7National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaNational Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Collection of Microbial Resource for Fertilizer (Hainan), Collection of Tropical Agricultural Microbial Resource in Hainan Province, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, ChinaBanana wilt disease is an important disease in banana production, causing significant losses. Herein, we investigated the mechanism by which <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> isolate X5 enhances the resistance of different resistant banana cultivars to <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> race 4 (Foc4). From the perspectives of metabolism, transcriptome, and key genes in important pathways, this study analyzed the composition and content changes of other types of signaling molecules, such as free amino acids and soluble sugars, in resistant/susceptible varieties. The results indicate that under pathogen stress, the contents of root-secreted metabolite components in both resistant and susceptible varieties increase significantly overall, and the increase in susceptible varieties is generally higher. For example, the free amino acid components in susceptible varieties are significantly more than those in resistant varieties. However, the addition of biocontrol bacteria can inhibit this increase. Exogenous addition experiments prove that differential metabolites can either promote or inhibit Foc4 and X5 at certain concentrations. The results of KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment and GO (Gene Ontology) annotation show that resistant varieties have more defense pathways compared to susceptible varieties. Under X5 treatment, more defense genes in resistant varieties are activated or their expression is enhanced, promoting the plant roots to secrete more substances related to plant resistance, such as phenylpropanoids and lignin. This research revealed the effects of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> on bananas and pathogens, allowing valuable conclusions to be drawn. The results have good application potential to understand the relationships among the three species, defining the biocontrol effect and mechanism of <i>Bacillus velezensis</i>, and providing a theoretical basis for the biological control of soil-borne diseases such as banana wilt disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/5/379<i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> race 4 (Foc4)<i>Bacillus velezensis</i>free amino acidssoluble sugartranscriptomedisease resistance |
| spellingShingle | Yunlong Xu Jun Wang Guangxiang Tian Changcong Liang You Zhou Lijia Guo Yang Yang Laying Yang <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms Journal of Fungi <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> race 4 (Foc4) <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> free amino acids soluble sugar transcriptome disease resistance |
| title | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms |
| title_full | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms |
| title_short | <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> Isolate X5 Stimulates the Resistance of Resistant and Susceptible Banana Varieties to Foc Through Different Mechanisms |
| title_sort | i bacillus velezensis i isolate x5 stimulates the resistance of resistant and susceptible banana varieties to foc through different mechanisms |
| topic | <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> f. sp. <i>cubense</i> race 4 (Foc4) <i>Bacillus velezensis</i> free amino acids soluble sugar transcriptome disease resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/11/5/379 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yunlongxu ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT junwang ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT guangxiangtian ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT changcongliang ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT youzhou ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT lijiaguo ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT yangyang ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms AT layingyang ibacillusvelezensisiisolatex5stimulatestheresistanceofresistantandsusceptiblebananavarietiestofocthroughdifferentmechanisms |