A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.

Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are infected with the whipworm Trichuris trichiura. Novel treatments are urgently needed as current drugs, such as albendazole, have relatively low efficacy. We have investigated whether drugs approved for other human diseases could be repurposed as novel ant...

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Main Authors: Avril Coghlan, Frederick A Partridge, María Adelaida Duque-Correa, Gabriel Rinaldi, Simon Clare, Lisa Seymour, Cordelia Brandt, Tapoka T Mkandawire, Catherine McCarthy, Nancy Holroyd, Marina Nick, Anwen E Brown, Sirapat Tonitiwong, David B Sattelle, Matthew Berriman
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2023-09-01
Series:PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011205&type=printable
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author Avril Coghlan
Frederick A Partridge
María Adelaida Duque-Correa
Gabriel Rinaldi
Simon Clare
Lisa Seymour
Cordelia Brandt
Tapoka T Mkandawire
Catherine McCarthy
Nancy Holroyd
Marina Nick
Anwen E Brown
Sirapat Tonitiwong
David B Sattelle
Matthew Berriman
author_facet Avril Coghlan
Frederick A Partridge
María Adelaida Duque-Correa
Gabriel Rinaldi
Simon Clare
Lisa Seymour
Cordelia Brandt
Tapoka T Mkandawire
Catherine McCarthy
Nancy Holroyd
Marina Nick
Anwen E Brown
Sirapat Tonitiwong
David B Sattelle
Matthew Berriman
author_sort Avril Coghlan
collection DOAJ
description Hundreds of millions of people worldwide are infected with the whipworm Trichuris trichiura. Novel treatments are urgently needed as current drugs, such as albendazole, have relatively low efficacy. We have investigated whether drugs approved for other human diseases could be repurposed as novel anti-whipworm drugs. In a previous comparative genomics analysis, we identified 409 drugs approved for human use that we predicted to target parasitic worm proteins. Here we tested these ex vivo by assessing motility of adult worms of Trichuris muris, the murine whipworm, an established model for human whipworm research. We identified 14 compounds with EC50 values of ≤50 μM against T. muris ex vivo, and selected nine for testing in vivo. However, the best worm burden reduction seen in mice was just 19%. The high number of ex vivo hits against T. muris shows that we were successful at predicting parasite proteins that could be targeted by approved drugs. In contrast, the low efficacy of these compounds in mice suggest challenges due to their chemical properties (e.g. lipophilicity, polarity, molecular weight) and pharmacokinetics (e.g. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) that may (i) promote absorption by the host gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing availability to the worms embedded in the large intestine, and/or (ii) restrict drug uptake by the worms. This indicates that identifying structural analogues that have reduced absorption by the host, and increased uptake by worms, may be necessary for successful drug development against whipworms.
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publishDate 2023-09-01
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spelling doaj-art-a9399883925e4c239ce6cfe85ef5286d2025-08-20T03:47:05ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352023-09-01179e001120510.1371/journal.pntd.0011205A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.Avril CoghlanFrederick A PartridgeMaría Adelaida Duque-CorreaGabriel RinaldiSimon ClareLisa SeymourCordelia BrandtTapoka T MkandawireCatherine McCarthyNancy HolroydMarina NickAnwen E BrownSirapat TonitiwongDavid B SattelleMatthew BerrimanHundreds of millions of people worldwide are infected with the whipworm Trichuris trichiura. Novel treatments are urgently needed as current drugs, such as albendazole, have relatively low efficacy. We have investigated whether drugs approved for other human diseases could be repurposed as novel anti-whipworm drugs. In a previous comparative genomics analysis, we identified 409 drugs approved for human use that we predicted to target parasitic worm proteins. Here we tested these ex vivo by assessing motility of adult worms of Trichuris muris, the murine whipworm, an established model for human whipworm research. We identified 14 compounds with EC50 values of ≤50 μM against T. muris ex vivo, and selected nine for testing in vivo. However, the best worm burden reduction seen in mice was just 19%. The high number of ex vivo hits against T. muris shows that we were successful at predicting parasite proteins that could be targeted by approved drugs. In contrast, the low efficacy of these compounds in mice suggest challenges due to their chemical properties (e.g. lipophilicity, polarity, molecular weight) and pharmacokinetics (e.g. absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) that may (i) promote absorption by the host gastrointestinal tract, thereby reducing availability to the worms embedded in the large intestine, and/or (ii) restrict drug uptake by the worms. This indicates that identifying structural analogues that have reduced absorption by the host, and increased uptake by worms, may be necessary for successful drug development against whipworms.https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011205&type=printable
spellingShingle Avril Coghlan
Frederick A Partridge
María Adelaida Duque-Correa
Gabriel Rinaldi
Simon Clare
Lisa Seymour
Cordelia Brandt
Tapoka T Mkandawire
Catherine McCarthy
Nancy Holroyd
Marina Nick
Anwen E Brown
Sirapat Tonitiwong
David B Sattelle
Matthew Berriman
A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
title A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.
title_full A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.
title_fullStr A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.
title_full_unstemmed A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.
title_short A drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics.
title_sort drug repurposing screen for whipworms informed by comparative genomics
url https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0011205&type=printable
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