The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Background: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) may help prevent stroke. However, heterogeneity can be found in the conclusions of different studies. The relevant evidence was summarized in this systematic review and meta-analysis to further clarify the role of XOIs in the prevention and treatment of...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease |
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| author | Lin Bai Gerhard Litscher Xiaoning Li |
| author_facet | Lin Bai Gerhard Litscher Xiaoning Li |
| author_sort | Lin Bai |
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| description | Background: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) may help prevent stroke. However, heterogeneity can be found in the conclusions of different studies. The relevant evidence was summarized in this systematic review and meta-analysis to further clarify the role of XOIs in the prevention and treatment of stroke, with a focus on evaluating the effects of XOIs in primary and secondary prevention of stroke, acute stroke treatment, and reduction of post-stroke complications. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies on the effect of XOIs in the prevention and treatment of stroke were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from inception to 3 March 2024, along with hand searching. The analyses were carried out using Review Manager 5.4. Results: The analysis included 14 studies (115,579 patients). While XOIs did not significantly reduce the risk of stroke (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.59–1.34), they improved post-stroke functional outcomes, with a reduction in the modified Rankin scale scores (mean difference: −0.6; 95% CI: −0.8 to −0.4), decreased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels (mean difference: −15.2 ng/mL; 95% CI: −22.3 to −8.1), improved augmentation index (AIx) by 4.2% (95% CI: 2.5–5.9%), reduced central blood pressure (mean reduction: 4.8 mmHg; 95% CI: 2.6–6.9), and delayed carotid intima-media thickness progression (mean difference: −0.05 mm/year; 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.02). |
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| spelling | doaj-art-a936118db7b841bb82feb186c8bfe0fb2025-08-20T02:00:42ZengMDPI AGJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease2308-34252024-12-01111240910.3390/jcdd11120409The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisLin Bai0Gerhard Litscher1Xiaoning Li2Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, ChinaHeilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, ChinaDepartment of Acupuncture, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150006, ChinaBackground: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs) may help prevent stroke. However, heterogeneity can be found in the conclusions of different studies. The relevant evidence was summarized in this systematic review and meta-analysis to further clarify the role of XOIs in the prevention and treatment of stroke, with a focus on evaluating the effects of XOIs in primary and secondary prevention of stroke, acute stroke treatment, and reduction of post-stroke complications. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cohort studies on the effect of XOIs in the prevention and treatment of stroke were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library from inception to 3 March 2024, along with hand searching. The analyses were carried out using Review Manager 5.4. Results: The analysis included 14 studies (115,579 patients). While XOIs did not significantly reduce the risk of stroke (RR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.59–1.34), they improved post-stroke functional outcomes, with a reduction in the modified Rankin scale scores (mean difference: −0.6; 95% CI: −0.8 to −0.4), decreased intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels (mean difference: −15.2 ng/mL; 95% CI: −22.3 to −8.1), improved augmentation index (AIx) by 4.2% (95% CI: 2.5–5.9%), reduced central blood pressure (mean reduction: 4.8 mmHg; 95% CI: 2.6–6.9), and delayed carotid intima-media thickness progression (mean difference: −0.05 mm/year; 95% CI: −0.08 to −0.02).https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/11/12/409xanthine oxidase inhibitorsstroketreatmentpreventionmeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Lin Bai Gerhard Litscher Xiaoning Li The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease xanthine oxidase inhibitors stroke treatment prevention meta-analysis |
| title | The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | The Effect of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | effect of xanthine oxidase inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of stroke a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | xanthine oxidase inhibitors stroke treatment prevention meta-analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2308-3425/11/12/409 |
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