A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women
Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD), a specialized metabolite (phytocannabinoid) abundant in Cannabis sativa, is attracting increasing attention for its alleged health-promoting properties. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of CBD and its primary metabolite, 7‐hydroxy‐cannabidiol (7...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87621-4 |
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| author | Bo Anne Daniëlla Frederique Saals Tessa Helena De Bie Eral Osmanoglou Ties van de Laar Adriaan Willem Tuin Anne Claire Benedikte van Orten-Luiten Renger Frederik Witkamp |
| author_facet | Bo Anne Daniëlla Frederique Saals Tessa Helena De Bie Eral Osmanoglou Ties van de Laar Adriaan Willem Tuin Anne Claire Benedikte van Orten-Luiten Renger Frederik Witkamp |
| author_sort | Bo Anne Daniëlla Frederique Saals |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Cannabidiol (CBD), a specialized metabolite (phytocannabinoid) abundant in Cannabis sativa, is attracting increasing attention for its alleged health-promoting properties. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of CBD and its primary metabolite, 7‐hydroxy‐cannabidiol (7-OH-CBD), following a single oral dose of a CBD-rich Cannabis sativa extract, equivalent to 70 mg CBD, in healthy male (n=5) and female (n=6) participants. Using a randomized crossover design, the study evaluated the impact of a standardized high-fat meal compared to fasting on the oral bioavailability of CBD. Consumption of a high-fat meal significantly increases the bioavailability of CBD. The geometric mean ratio (GMR) of CBD Cmax was 17.4 (90% CI 12.4–24.2 and of the AUC 9.7 (90% CI 7.7–12.3), demonstrating a substantial increase in peak concentration and total CBD exposure under fed conditions. A notable double peak phenomenon was observed after meal consumption, with a less pronounced effect in the fasted state. This contributes to sustained high plasma concentrations and may be (partially) attributed to lymphatic transport, enterohepatic recirculation, and/or a secondary meal effect. This trial was registered on October 19, 2020, with ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT04589455. The registration title is: Determination of Pharmacokinetics and Food-effect of CBD from a Hemp Extract in Healthy Human Volunteers. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a9022ece27f1482e8b0128dd94826f77 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-a9022ece27f1482e8b0128dd94826f772025-02-02T12:22:08ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-01-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-87621-4A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and womenBo Anne Daniëlla Frederique Saals0Tessa Helena De Bie1Eral Osmanoglou2Ties van de Laar3Adriaan Willem Tuin4Anne Claire Benedikte van Orten-Luiten5Renger Frederik Witkamp6Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen UniversityDivision of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen UniversityBecanex GmbHBecanex GmbHArdenaDivision of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen UniversityDivision of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen UniversityAbstract Cannabidiol (CBD), a specialized metabolite (phytocannabinoid) abundant in Cannabis sativa, is attracting increasing attention for its alleged health-promoting properties. The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of CBD and its primary metabolite, 7‐hydroxy‐cannabidiol (7-OH-CBD), following a single oral dose of a CBD-rich Cannabis sativa extract, equivalent to 70 mg CBD, in healthy male (n=5) and female (n=6) participants. Using a randomized crossover design, the study evaluated the impact of a standardized high-fat meal compared to fasting on the oral bioavailability of CBD. Consumption of a high-fat meal significantly increases the bioavailability of CBD. The geometric mean ratio (GMR) of CBD Cmax was 17.4 (90% CI 12.4–24.2 and of the AUC 9.7 (90% CI 7.7–12.3), demonstrating a substantial increase in peak concentration and total CBD exposure under fed conditions. A notable double peak phenomenon was observed after meal consumption, with a less pronounced effect in the fasted state. This contributes to sustained high plasma concentrations and may be (partially) attributed to lymphatic transport, enterohepatic recirculation, and/or a secondary meal effect. This trial was registered on October 19, 2020, with ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT04589455. The registration title is: Determination of Pharmacokinetics and Food-effect of CBD from a Hemp Extract in Healthy Human Volunteers.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87621-4 |
| spellingShingle | Bo Anne Daniëlla Frederique Saals Tessa Helena De Bie Eral Osmanoglou Ties van de Laar Adriaan Willem Tuin Anne Claire Benedikte van Orten-Luiten Renger Frederik Witkamp A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women Scientific Reports |
| title | A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women |
| title_full | A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women |
| title_fullStr | A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women |
| title_full_unstemmed | A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women |
| title_short | A high-fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol (CBD) from a CBD-rich extract in men and women |
| title_sort | high fat meal significantly impacts the bioavailability and biphasic absorption of cannabidiol cbd from a cbd rich extract in men and women |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87621-4 |
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