Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study
Abstract The twin testosterone transfer (TTT) hypothesis posits that females with male co‐twins (opposite‐sex, OS) might develop male‐typical traits due to higher prenatal testosterone exposure. This study explored whether females of OS have lower 2D:4D digit ratios and higher testosterone levels co...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Physiological Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70207 |
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| author | Moses Banyeh Martha Nyewie Abdul‐Rafik Abdulai Charles Nkansah Gabriel Abbam Thea Kangkpi Kervin Edinam Zogli Shafiat Omotoyosi Shittu David Bure Romarick Kofi Wemegah Mikail Ihsan Azindow Suleman Yakubu Musah Seidu Mohammed Madde Baba Elisha Essoun Nancy Owireduwaa Augusta S. Kolekang |
| author_facet | Moses Banyeh Martha Nyewie Abdul‐Rafik Abdulai Charles Nkansah Gabriel Abbam Thea Kangkpi Kervin Edinam Zogli Shafiat Omotoyosi Shittu David Bure Romarick Kofi Wemegah Mikail Ihsan Azindow Suleman Yakubu Musah Seidu Mohammed Madde Baba Elisha Essoun Nancy Owireduwaa Augusta S. Kolekang |
| author_sort | Moses Banyeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The twin testosterone transfer (TTT) hypothesis posits that females with male co‐twins (opposite‐sex, OS) might develop male‐typical traits due to higher prenatal testosterone exposure. This study explored whether females of OS have lower 2D:4D digit ratios and higher testosterone levels compared to females of same‐sex (SS) twin pairs. Conducted in Tamale from January to December 2022, the study included 40 participants aged 18–27 years: 10 males of OS, 10 females of OS, and 20 females of SS twin pairs. Digit ratios (2D:4D) and serum testosterone levels were measured using computer‐assisted analysis and ELISA, respectively. Results showed no significant differences in 2D:4D ratios between females of OS and SS twin pairs for either the right hand (0.960 ± 0.049 vs. 0.955 ± 0.042; p = 0.766) or the left hand (0.966 ± 0.048 vs. 0.968 ± 0.047; p = 0.908). Serum testosterone levels were lower in females of OS than females of SS twin pairs (0.4 ± 0.1 vs. 0.67 ± 0.34 nmol/L; p = 0.013), but this result was not significant after multiple testing corrections (p > 0.050). The findings indicate that the TTT hypothesis may not apply, or its effects on digit ratios and testosterone levels in females of OS twin pairs are weak and not statistically significant. Further studies involving larger samples are however, recommended. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8f091b9a0954c5dbd6103c03f698902 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2051-817X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physiological Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8f091b9a0954c5dbd6103c03f6989022025-01-27T13:49:52ZengWileyPhysiological Reports2051-817X2025-01-01132n/an/a10.14814/phy2.70207Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory studyMoses Banyeh0Martha Nyewie1Abdul‐Rafik Abdulai2Charles Nkansah3Gabriel Abbam4Thea Kangkpi5Kervin Edinam Zogli6Shafiat Omotoyosi Shittu7David Bure8Romarick Kofi Wemegah9Mikail Ihsan Azindow10Suleman Yakubu11Musah Seidu12Mohammed Madde Baba13Elisha Essoun14Nancy Owireduwaa15Augusta S. Kolekang16Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Public Health, Community Nurses Training School Ministry of Health Tamale GhanaDepartment of Histology and Histotechnology University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Haematology University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Haematology University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Infectious Diseases University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Immunology and Immunodiagnostics University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Population and Reproductive Health University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Biomedical Laboratory Science University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Disease Control University for Development Studies Tamale GhanaAbstract The twin testosterone transfer (TTT) hypothesis posits that females with male co‐twins (opposite‐sex, OS) might develop male‐typical traits due to higher prenatal testosterone exposure. This study explored whether females of OS have lower 2D:4D digit ratios and higher testosterone levels compared to females of same‐sex (SS) twin pairs. Conducted in Tamale from January to December 2022, the study included 40 participants aged 18–27 years: 10 males of OS, 10 females of OS, and 20 females of SS twin pairs. Digit ratios (2D:4D) and serum testosterone levels were measured using computer‐assisted analysis and ELISA, respectively. Results showed no significant differences in 2D:4D ratios between females of OS and SS twin pairs for either the right hand (0.960 ± 0.049 vs. 0.955 ± 0.042; p = 0.766) or the left hand (0.966 ± 0.048 vs. 0.968 ± 0.047; p = 0.908). Serum testosterone levels were lower in females of OS than females of SS twin pairs (0.4 ± 0.1 vs. 0.67 ± 0.34 nmol/L; p = 0.013), but this result was not significant after multiple testing corrections (p > 0.050). The findings indicate that the TTT hypothesis may not apply, or its effects on digit ratios and testosterone levels in females of OS twin pairs are weak and not statistically significant. Further studies involving larger samples are however, recommended.https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70207digit ratiosfemaleGhanahumanstestosteronetwins |
| spellingShingle | Moses Banyeh Martha Nyewie Abdul‐Rafik Abdulai Charles Nkansah Gabriel Abbam Thea Kangkpi Kervin Edinam Zogli Shafiat Omotoyosi Shittu David Bure Romarick Kofi Wemegah Mikail Ihsan Azindow Suleman Yakubu Musah Seidu Mohammed Madde Baba Elisha Essoun Nancy Owireduwaa Augusta S. Kolekang Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study Physiological Reports digit ratios female Ghana humans testosterone twins |
| title | Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study |
| title_full | Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study |
| title_fullStr | Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study |
| title_short | Twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second‐to‐fourth digit ratio in females of same‐sex and opposite‐sex twin pairs: An exploratory study |
| title_sort | twin testosterone transfer hypothesis and the second to fourth digit ratio in females of same sex and opposite sex twin pairs an exploratory study |
| topic | digit ratios female Ghana humans testosterone twins |
| url | https://doi.org/10.14814/phy2.70207 |
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