Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material
Abstract This study evaluated the mechanical and anti-bacterial properties of photocurable clear aligner resin (TC-85) incorporated with zwitterionic material, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). Three experimental solutions were synthesized using 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-08-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14004-0 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849343899248623616 |
|---|---|
| author | Youna Paik You-Min Kim Youn-Kyung Choi Sung-Hun Kim Seong-Sik Kim Wooil Kim Yong-Il Kim |
| author_facet | Youna Paik You-Min Kim Youn-Kyung Choi Sung-Hun Kim Seong-Sik Kim Wooil Kim Yong-Il Kim |
| author_sort | Youna Paik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study evaluated the mechanical and anti-bacterial properties of photocurable clear aligner resin (TC-85) incorporated with zwitterionic material, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). Three experimental solutions were synthesized using 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and clear aligner resin (TC-85). A group without any experimental solution served as a control. Specimens were fabricated by adding mixture of solutions to customized mold followed by post-curing procedure. Mechanical properties of the experimental groups were evaluated by tensile strength test, three-point flexural test, stress relaxation and creep test. Biological properties were evaluated through colony forming unit assay, MTT assay, and protein adsorption test. Incorporation of MPC into clear aligner resin achieved protein repellent and anti-microbial capabilities without compromising the mechanical properties. Tensile strength and three-point flexural test along with creep, stress relaxation test did not show significant difference in the mechanical properties. Addition of 1%, 2%, or 3% MPC into clear aligner resin significantly reduced the amount of bovine serum albumin adsorbed and proteins adsorbed from brain heart infusion medium by 1/3 ~ 1/4 that of a control (p < 0.001). The mixture of clear aligner resin with 3% MPC inhibited biofilm growth, reducing CFU counts by 40% compared to that of a control. Incorporating zwitterionic material with clear aligner resin TC-85 demonstrated an anti-biofouling activity while preserving its original mechanical properties, which may be a promising strategy to overcome the limitation of current clear aligner treatment. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8ef14fb18df40e1a53820835b3d27b4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8ef14fb18df40e1a53820835b3d27b42025-08-20T03:42:49ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-08-0115111310.1038/s41598-025-14004-0Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic materialYouna Paik0You-Min Kim1Youn-Kyung Choi2Sung-Hun Kim3Seong-Sik Kim4Wooil Kim5Yong-Il Kim6Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National UniversitySchool of Dentistry, Institute of Dental and Life Sciences, Pusan National UniversityDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National UniversityDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National UniversityDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National UniversitySchool of Dentistry, Institute of Dental and Life Sciences, Pusan National UniversityDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National UniversityAbstract This study evaluated the mechanical and anti-bacterial properties of photocurable clear aligner resin (TC-85) incorporated with zwitterionic material, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC). Three experimental solutions were synthesized using 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) and clear aligner resin (TC-85). A group without any experimental solution served as a control. Specimens were fabricated by adding mixture of solutions to customized mold followed by post-curing procedure. Mechanical properties of the experimental groups were evaluated by tensile strength test, three-point flexural test, stress relaxation and creep test. Biological properties were evaluated through colony forming unit assay, MTT assay, and protein adsorption test. Incorporation of MPC into clear aligner resin achieved protein repellent and anti-microbial capabilities without compromising the mechanical properties. Tensile strength and three-point flexural test along with creep, stress relaxation test did not show significant difference in the mechanical properties. Addition of 1%, 2%, or 3% MPC into clear aligner resin significantly reduced the amount of bovine serum albumin adsorbed and proteins adsorbed from brain heart infusion medium by 1/3 ~ 1/4 that of a control (p < 0.001). The mixture of clear aligner resin with 3% MPC inhibited biofilm growth, reducing CFU counts by 40% compared to that of a control. Incorporating zwitterionic material with clear aligner resin TC-85 demonstrated an anti-biofouling activity while preserving its original mechanical properties, which may be a promising strategy to overcome the limitation of current clear aligner treatment.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14004-0Clear alignerAntibacterial2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholineBiofilm |
| spellingShingle | Youna Paik You-Min Kim Youn-Kyung Choi Sung-Hun Kim Seong-Sik Kim Wooil Kim Yong-Il Kim Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material Scientific Reports Clear aligner Antibacterial 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine Biofilm |
| title | Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material |
| title_full | Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material |
| title_short | Enhanced anti-microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material |
| title_sort | enhanced anti microbial properties of clear aligner resin containing zwitterionic material |
| topic | Clear aligner Antibacterial 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine Biofilm |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-14004-0 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT younapaik enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial AT youminkim enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial AT younkyungchoi enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial AT sunghunkim enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial AT seongsikkim enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial AT wooilkim enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial AT yongilkim enhancedantimicrobialpropertiesofclearalignerresincontainingzwitterionicmaterial |