An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity
As carbon-based nanomaterials have such remarkable physical, chemical, and electrical capabilities, they have become a major focus of materials science study. A thorough examination of several carbon nanomaterial varieties, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanodiamonds, is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2024-10-01
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| Series: | Green Processing and Synthesis |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2024-0150 |
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| author | Roy Arpita Gupta Aaryan Haque Benazeer Qureshi Absar Ahmed Verma Devvret Sharma Kuldeep Lee Siaw Foon Hee Cheng Wan Roy Amit Verma Rajan |
| author_facet | Roy Arpita Gupta Aaryan Haque Benazeer Qureshi Absar Ahmed Verma Devvret Sharma Kuldeep Lee Siaw Foon Hee Cheng Wan Roy Amit Verma Rajan |
| author_sort | Roy Arpita |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As carbon-based nanomaterials have such remarkable physical, chemical, and electrical capabilities, they have become a major focus of materials science study. A thorough examination of several carbon nanomaterial varieties, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanodiamonds, is given in this review work. These materials all have distinctive qualities that qualify them for particular uses. This work starts by examining the synthesis processes of these nanomaterials, outlining the ways by which they are made and the variables affecting their ultimate characteristics. The specific features of each kind of carbon nanomaterial will then be briefly discussed in this study, along with their size, structure, and special physical and chemical properties. These materials have a wide range of possible uses in several fields. They are employed in the electronics industry to fabricate sensors, high-speed transistors, and other devices. Their high surface area and electrical conductivity make them useful in energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries. They are applied to environmental remediation and water purification in environmental science. They are employed in biomedicine for biosensing, bioimaging, and medication delivery. Notwithstanding the encouraging uses, the large-scale synthesis and functionalization of carbon nanomaterials present several difficulties. This review discusses the importance of carbon nanomaterials by studying their multifaceted properties and potential applications in industries. The novelty of this work lies in its detailed examination of the degradation and toxicity of these materials, which is essential for their safe integration into various technological and biomedical applications. By thoroughly analysing recent experimental results, this review aims to bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8edf2e1e4694f3c9233aae62ebc0d22 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2191-9550 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Green Processing and Synthesis |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8edf2e1e4694f3c9233aae62ebc0d222025-08-20T02:18:00ZengDe GruyterGreen Processing and Synthesis2191-95502024-10-011319508510.1515/gps-2024-0150An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicityRoy Arpita0Gupta Aaryan1Haque Benazeer2Qureshi Absar Ahmed3Verma Devvret4Sharma Kuldeep5Lee Siaw Foon6Hee Cheng Wan7Roy Amit8Verma Rajan9Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, 248002, IndiaCentre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, IndiaDepartment of Materials, Eduardo Torroja Institute for Construction Sciences (IETcc-CSIC), Madrid 28033, SpainFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, Nilai, 71800, Negeri Sembilan, MalaysiaCenter for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, IndiaChitkara Center for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, IndiaAs carbon-based nanomaterials have such remarkable physical, chemical, and electrical capabilities, they have become a major focus of materials science study. A thorough examination of several carbon nanomaterial varieties, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, fullerenes, and carbon nanodiamonds, is given in this review work. These materials all have distinctive qualities that qualify them for particular uses. This work starts by examining the synthesis processes of these nanomaterials, outlining the ways by which they are made and the variables affecting their ultimate characteristics. The specific features of each kind of carbon nanomaterial will then be briefly discussed in this study, along with their size, structure, and special physical and chemical properties. These materials have a wide range of possible uses in several fields. They are employed in the electronics industry to fabricate sensors, high-speed transistors, and other devices. Their high surface area and electrical conductivity make them useful in energy storage devices like supercapacitors and batteries. They are applied to environmental remediation and water purification in environmental science. They are employed in biomedicine for biosensing, bioimaging, and medication delivery. Notwithstanding the encouraging uses, the large-scale synthesis and functionalization of carbon nanomaterials present several difficulties. This review discusses the importance of carbon nanomaterials by studying their multifaceted properties and potential applications in industries. The novelty of this work lies in its detailed examination of the degradation and toxicity of these materials, which is essential for their safe integration into various technological and biomedical applications. By thoroughly analysing recent experimental results, this review aims to bridge the gap between fundamental research and practical applications.https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2024-0150carbon nanomaterialsgraphenec60 fullerenecarbon nanotubescarbon nanodiamonds |
| spellingShingle | Roy Arpita Gupta Aaryan Haque Benazeer Qureshi Absar Ahmed Verma Devvret Sharma Kuldeep Lee Siaw Foon Hee Cheng Wan Roy Amit Verma Rajan An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity Green Processing and Synthesis carbon nanomaterials graphene c60 fullerene carbon nanotubes carbon nanodiamonds |
| title | An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity |
| title_full | An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity |
| title_fullStr | An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity |
| title_full_unstemmed | An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity |
| title_short | An updated review on carbon nanomaterials: Types, synthesis, functionalization and applications, degradation and toxicity |
| title_sort | updated review on carbon nanomaterials types synthesis functionalization and applications degradation and toxicity |
| topic | carbon nanomaterials graphene c60 fullerene carbon nanotubes carbon nanodiamonds |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/gps-2024-0150 |
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