Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy
With the growing demand for global water environment monitoring, satellite laser altimeters (SLA) have considerable advantages for underwater measurements. However, changes in suspended solids, turbidity, and other optical properties of water affect the propagation of SLA laser pulses in water. This...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1592962/full |
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| author | Qingkai Lu Jianjun Wu Jianjun Wu Chen Ma Chen Ma Haobin Xia Siqin Zhang Haojun Xu Feng Gan Zimeng Zhao |
| author_facet | Qingkai Lu Jianjun Wu Jianjun Wu Chen Ma Chen Ma Haobin Xia Siqin Zhang Haojun Xu Feng Gan Zimeng Zhao |
| author_sort | Qingkai Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the growing demand for global water environment monitoring, satellite laser altimeters (SLA) have considerable advantages for underwater measurements. However, changes in suspended solids, turbidity, and other optical properties of water affect the propagation of SLA laser pulses in water. This can affect the accuracy and reliability of the measurements. This study analyzed the impact of water quality changes in the Oahu Island region of Hawaii on the accuracy of SLA un-derwater measurements based on ICESat-2, MODIS, Landsat-8, and in situ data. Underwater photons were obtained from ICESat-2 ATL03 data through an Adaptive Elevation Difference Threshold, combined with in situ data to calculate the potential altimetry deviation. Using the water quality data inverted from Landsat-8 as a reference, MODIS kd490 was implemented through random forest regression. The impact of water quality changes on the SLA accuracy was quantified by combining the altimetry bias and water quality data that matched the laser footprint. There is a positive correlation between water quality and photon water permeability. The more turbid the water quality, the smaller the proportion of photons that can penetrate the water surface. The maximum measurement deviation caused by multiple scattering of the water body could reach the meter level. Future underwater bathymetry corrections need to consider the impact of multiple scattering. The findings are of considerable importance for environmental protection, resource management, policy formulation, and SLA data processing. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8e7c3d7abb64a459a5c09415256b632 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8e7c3d7abb64a459a5c09415256b6322025-08-20T03:14:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2025-04-011310.3389/fenvs.2025.15929621592962Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracyQingkai Lu0Jianjun Wu1Jianjun Wu2Chen Ma3Chen Ma4Haobin Xia5Siqin Zhang6Haojun Xu7Feng Gan8Zimeng Zhao9Academy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaAcademy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaFaculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Research Center of Satellite Technology, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, ChinaLand Satellite Remote Sensing Application Center (LASAC), Ministry of Natural Resources of P.R. China, Beijing, ChinaAcademy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaAcademy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaAcademy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaAcademy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaAcademy of Ecological Civilization Development for JING-JIN-JI, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, ChinaWith the growing demand for global water environment monitoring, satellite laser altimeters (SLA) have considerable advantages for underwater measurements. However, changes in suspended solids, turbidity, and other optical properties of water affect the propagation of SLA laser pulses in water. This can affect the accuracy and reliability of the measurements. This study analyzed the impact of water quality changes in the Oahu Island region of Hawaii on the accuracy of SLA un-derwater measurements based on ICESat-2, MODIS, Landsat-8, and in situ data. Underwater photons were obtained from ICESat-2 ATL03 data through an Adaptive Elevation Difference Threshold, combined with in situ data to calculate the potential altimetry deviation. Using the water quality data inverted from Landsat-8 as a reference, MODIS kd490 was implemented through random forest regression. The impact of water quality changes on the SLA accuracy was quantified by combining the altimetry bias and water quality data that matched the laser footprint. There is a positive correlation between water quality and photon water permeability. The more turbid the water quality, the smaller the proportion of photons that can penetrate the water surface. The maximum measurement deviation caused by multiple scattering of the water body could reach the meter level. Future underwater bathymetry corrections need to consider the impact of multiple scattering. The findings are of considerable importance for environmental protection, resource management, policy formulation, and SLA data processing.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1592962/fullsatellite laser altimetryunderwater surveywater qualitysatellite remote sensingICESat-2 |
| spellingShingle | Qingkai Lu Jianjun Wu Jianjun Wu Chen Ma Chen Ma Haobin Xia Siqin Zhang Haojun Xu Feng Gan Zimeng Zhao Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy Frontiers in Environmental Science satellite laser altimetry underwater survey water quality satellite remote sensing ICESat-2 |
| title | Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy |
| title_full | Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy |
| title_fullStr | Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy |
| title_short | Influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy |
| title_sort | influence of water quality on satellite laser altimeter underwater measurement accuracy |
| topic | satellite laser altimetry underwater survey water quality satellite remote sensing ICESat-2 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1592962/full |
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