Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects
The phase structure, grain refinement, and microalloying effect of the Al-5Er-Ti master alloy were analyzed by a refining experiment, microhardness test, OM, SEM, and XRD. The results show that when the Er/Ti atomic ratio is 2.7, the refining effect of the Al-5Er-0.5Ti master alloy is significantly...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Jingrui Ma Zhiguo Lei Shengping Wen Guang Yang Wu Wei Hui Huang Zuoren Nie |
| author_facet | Jingrui Ma Zhiguo Lei Shengping Wen Guang Yang Wu Wei Hui Huang Zuoren Nie |
| author_sort | Jingrui Ma |
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| description | The phase structure, grain refinement, and microalloying effect of the Al-5Er-Ti master alloy were analyzed by a refining experiment, microhardness test, OM, SEM, and XRD. The results show that when the Er/Ti atomic ratio is 2.7, the refining effect of the Al-5Er-0.5Ti master alloy is significantly better than Al-5Er, which is due to the Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er phase. There are three crystal orientations of Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er and α-Al that satisfy the E2E model, among which (620)<sub>Ti2Al20Er</sub><260><sub>Ti2Al20Er</sub>//(111)<sub>Al</sub><110><sub>Al</sub> is the least mismatched one. When the Er/Ti atomic ratio is reduced to below 1.3, the Ti-containing phase of the Al-5Er-Ti master alloy is composed of Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er and Al<sub>3</sub>Ti. The primary phase size of the Al-5Er-1.5Ti master alloy decreases with the increase in cooling rate, and the grain refining effect improved more significantly. The optimum size of the Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er phase and Al<sub>3</sub>Ti phase is 6.0 μm and 9.5 μm, respectively. The grain size of pure aluminum is reduced from 14,000 μm to 300 μm by Al-5Er-1.5Ti master alloy refinement, and the refinement rate is 97.9%. Direct aging of the refined sample did not have a precipitation strengthening effect. After the solution and aging treatment, the peak aging of the refined sample was reached in 15 min, and the microhardness increased by 41%. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8e10337793c450f998b64aae64cfa082025-01-24T13:41:30ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012025-01-011514310.3390/met15010043Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying EffectsJingrui Ma0Zhiguo Lei1Shengping Wen2Guang Yang3Wu Wei4Hui Huang5Zuoren Nie6School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaThe phase structure, grain refinement, and microalloying effect of the Al-5Er-Ti master alloy were analyzed by a refining experiment, microhardness test, OM, SEM, and XRD. The results show that when the Er/Ti atomic ratio is 2.7, the refining effect of the Al-5Er-0.5Ti master alloy is significantly better than Al-5Er, which is due to the Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er phase. There are three crystal orientations of Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er and α-Al that satisfy the E2E model, among which (620)<sub>Ti2Al20Er</sub><260><sub>Ti2Al20Er</sub>//(111)<sub>Al</sub><110><sub>Al</sub> is the least mismatched one. When the Er/Ti atomic ratio is reduced to below 1.3, the Ti-containing phase of the Al-5Er-Ti master alloy is composed of Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er and Al<sub>3</sub>Ti. The primary phase size of the Al-5Er-1.5Ti master alloy decreases with the increase in cooling rate, and the grain refining effect improved more significantly. The optimum size of the Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er phase and Al<sub>3</sub>Ti phase is 6.0 μm and 9.5 μm, respectively. The grain size of pure aluminum is reduced from 14,000 μm to 300 μm by Al-5Er-1.5Ti master alloy refinement, and the refinement rate is 97.9%. Direct aging of the refined sample did not have a precipitation strengthening effect. After the solution and aging treatment, the peak aging of the refined sample was reached in 15 min, and the microhardness increased by 41%.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/1/43Al alloygrain refinementmicroalloyingTi<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>ErAl<sub>3</sub>Ti |
| spellingShingle | Jingrui Ma Zhiguo Lei Shengping Wen Guang Yang Wu Wei Hui Huang Zuoren Nie Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects Metals Al alloy grain refinement microalloying Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er Al<sub>3</sub>Ti |
| title | Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects |
| title_full | Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects |
| title_fullStr | Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects |
| title_short | Al-5Er-Ti Master Alloy with Both Grain Refinement and Microalloying Effects |
| title_sort | al 5er ti master alloy with both grain refinement and microalloying effects |
| topic | Al alloy grain refinement microalloying Ti<sub>2</sub>Al<sub>20</sub>Er Al<sub>3</sub>Ti |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/15/1/43 |
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