Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection

Background/Aims The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is unclear. In this study, we evaluate the risk of severe exacerbation and mortality in individuals with ILD following COVID-19. Methods Using the Korean National...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bo-Guen Kim, Sun-Kyung Lee, Dong Won Park, Tai Sun Park, Ji-Yong Moon, Tae-Hyung Kim, Sang-Heon Kim, Ho Joo Yoon, Hyun Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: The Korean Association of Internal Medicine 2025-07-01
Series:The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:http://kjim.org/upload/kjim-2024-388.pdf
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850070702804172800
author Bo-Guen Kim
Sun-Kyung Lee
Dong Won Park
Tai Sun Park
Ji-Yong Moon
Tae-Hyung Kim
Sang-Heon Kim
Ho Joo Yoon
Hyun Lee
author_facet Bo-Guen Kim
Sun-Kyung Lee
Dong Won Park
Tai Sun Park
Ji-Yong Moon
Tae-Hyung Kim
Sang-Heon Kim
Ho Joo Yoon
Hyun Lee
author_sort Bo-Guen Kim
collection DOAJ
description Background/Aims The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is unclear. In this study, we evaluate the risk of severe exacerbation and mortality in individuals with ILD following COVID-19. Methods Using the Korean National Health Insurance claim-based database, we compared the incidence and risk of severe exacerbation and mortality in individuals with ILD who survived at least one month after COVID-19 (COVID-19 cohort, n = 359) and 1:3 age, sex, and body mass index-matched individuals with ILD who did not have COVID-19 (controls, n = 1,077) between October 8, 2020, and August 30, 2021. Results During a mean follow-up of 7.4 months, the COVID-19 cohort had a higher risk of severe exacerbation compared to controls (aHR 2.26, 95% CI 1.38–3.69). During a mean follow-up of 19.6 months, the COVID-19 cohort had a higher risk of death (aHR 2.79, 95% CI 1.63–4.79) compared to controls. When considering COVID-19 severity, the severe COVID-19 group had a higher risk of severe exacerbation and death compared to controls, while the non-severe COVID-19 group did not show increased risk of severe exacerbation or death. In analyses based on ILD subtype, individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the COVID-19 cohort had the highest risk of severe exacerbation and death. Conclusions Previous severe COVID-19 was associated with worse clinical outcomes in individuals with ILD, especially in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
format Article
id doaj-art-a8c5323ec5af41c49e2d161ac2019dcc
institution DOAJ
issn 1226-3303
2005-6648
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher The Korean Association of Internal Medicine
record_format Article
series The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
spelling doaj-art-a8c5323ec5af41c49e2d161ac2019dcc2025-08-20T02:47:28ZengThe Korean Association of Internal MedicineThe Korean Journal of Internal Medicine1226-33032005-66482025-07-0140463464410.3904/kjim.2024.388171037Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infectionBo-Guen Kim0Sun-Kyung Lee1Dong Won Park2Tai Sun Park3Ji-Yong Moon4Tae-Hyung Kim5Sang-Heon Kim6Ho Joo Yoon7Hyun Lee8 Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaBackground/Aims The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease (ILD) is unclear. In this study, we evaluate the risk of severe exacerbation and mortality in individuals with ILD following COVID-19. Methods Using the Korean National Health Insurance claim-based database, we compared the incidence and risk of severe exacerbation and mortality in individuals with ILD who survived at least one month after COVID-19 (COVID-19 cohort, n = 359) and 1:3 age, sex, and body mass index-matched individuals with ILD who did not have COVID-19 (controls, n = 1,077) between October 8, 2020, and August 30, 2021. Results During a mean follow-up of 7.4 months, the COVID-19 cohort had a higher risk of severe exacerbation compared to controls (aHR 2.26, 95% CI 1.38–3.69). During a mean follow-up of 19.6 months, the COVID-19 cohort had a higher risk of death (aHR 2.79, 95% CI 1.63–4.79) compared to controls. When considering COVID-19 severity, the severe COVID-19 group had a higher risk of severe exacerbation and death compared to controls, while the non-severe COVID-19 group did not show increased risk of severe exacerbation or death. In analyses based on ILD subtype, individuals with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in the COVID-19 cohort had the highest risk of severe exacerbation and death. Conclusions Previous severe COVID-19 was associated with worse clinical outcomes in individuals with ILD, especially in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.http://kjim.org/upload/kjim-2024-388.pdfcovid-19interstitial lung diseasesmortality
spellingShingle Bo-Guen Kim
Sun-Kyung Lee
Dong Won Park
Tai Sun Park
Ji-Yong Moon
Tae-Hyung Kim
Sang-Heon Kim
Ho Joo Yoon
Hyun Lee
Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
covid-19
interstitial lung diseases
mortality
title Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection
title_full Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection
title_fullStr Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection
title_full_unstemmed Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection
title_short Clinical impacts of COVID-19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease: prognosis 30 days after infection
title_sort clinical impacts of covid 19 on severe exacerbation and mortality in interstitial lung disease prognosis 30 days after infection
topic covid-19
interstitial lung diseases
mortality
url http://kjim.org/upload/kjim-2024-388.pdf
work_keys_str_mv AT boguenkim clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT sunkyunglee clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT dongwonpark clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT taisunpark clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT jiyongmoon clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT taehyungkim clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT sangheonkim clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT hojooyoon clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection
AT hyunlee clinicalimpactsofcovid19onsevereexacerbationandmortalityininterstitiallungdiseaseprognosis30daysafterinfection