End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service
4G mobile networks were the first to allow packet-switched voice calls, supported by an optional IP-based infrastructure called IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). These are part of the Voice over Long Term Evolution (VoLTE) service, called afterward Voice over New Radio (VoNR) in 5G. In parallel, 3GPP d...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IEEE
2024-01-01
|
| Series: | IEEE Access |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10802867/ |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1846108158188060672 |
|---|---|
| author | M. Luglio C. Roseti F. Zampognaro |
| author_facet | M. Luglio C. Roseti F. Zampognaro |
| author_sort | M. Luglio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 4G mobile networks were the first to allow packet-switched voice calls, supported by an optional IP-based infrastructure called IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). These are part of the Voice over Long Term Evolution (VoLTE) service, called afterward Voice over New Radio (VoNR) in 5G. In parallel, 3GPP defined the possibility of user terminals accessing either a 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or a 5G Core (5GC) Network also via non-3GPP access. Non-3GPP access represents an alternative to the use of 4G/5G licensed frequencies of the MNO, leveraging Internet connectivity of an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to perform the same IP-based 4G/5G services, and in particular VoLTE/VoNR. Although, especially for untrusted non-3GPP access, any IP-based access technology is applicable, the initial reference is Wi-Fi access, which is available in practice in all smartphones. Consequently, the new 3GPP Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) service was introduced, also called commercially Wi-Fi Calling. VoWiFi is then subject to network conditions not fully under the control of the Mobile Network Operator (MNO), not only related to Wi-Fi access, but also to the whole end-to-end data path across shared networks and the Internet. In this article, the VoWiFi technology and protocols are presented in detail, through a review of 3GPP specifications and by performing real calls using a national LTE MNO and a Xiaomi smartphone. The purpose of the article is to present the application traffic pattern and to assess the network conditions under which VoWiFi calls are of good quality. These results are useful to define end-to-end Network requirements for assuring a satisfactory VoWiFi service to end users. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8be77e1665a49c0ab3f358bf7674321 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8be77e1665a49c0ab3f358bf76743212024-12-26T00:00:36ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-011219098819099510.1109/ACCESS.2024.351774010802867End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) ServiceM. Luglio0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9422-3795C. Roseti1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-487XF. Zampognaro2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5353-7942Department of Electronics Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Electronics Engineering, University of Rome “Tor Vergata,”, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Human Sciences, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy4G mobile networks were the first to allow packet-switched voice calls, supported by an optional IP-based infrastructure called IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). These are part of the Voice over Long Term Evolution (VoLTE) service, called afterward Voice over New Radio (VoNR) in 5G. In parallel, 3GPP defined the possibility of user terminals accessing either a 4G Evolved Packet Core (EPC) or a 5G Core (5GC) Network also via non-3GPP access. Non-3GPP access represents an alternative to the use of 4G/5G licensed frequencies of the MNO, leveraging Internet connectivity of an Internet Service Provider (ISP) to perform the same IP-based 4G/5G services, and in particular VoLTE/VoNR. Although, especially for untrusted non-3GPP access, any IP-based access technology is applicable, the initial reference is Wi-Fi access, which is available in practice in all smartphones. Consequently, the new 3GPP Voice over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) service was introduced, also called commercially Wi-Fi Calling. VoWiFi is then subject to network conditions not fully under the control of the Mobile Network Operator (MNO), not only related to Wi-Fi access, but also to the whole end-to-end data path across shared networks and the Internet. In this article, the VoWiFi technology and protocols are presented in detail, through a review of 3GPP specifications and by performing real calls using a national LTE MNO and a Xiaomi smartphone. The purpose of the article is to present the application traffic pattern and to assess the network conditions under which VoWiFi calls are of good quality. These results are useful to define end-to-end Network requirements for assuring a satisfactory VoWiFi service to end users.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10802867/5GLTEnon-3GPP accessVoIPVoWiFiWi-Fi |
| spellingShingle | M. Luglio C. Roseti F. Zampognaro End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service IEEE Access 5G LTE non-3GPP access VoIP VoWiFi Wi-Fi |
| title | End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service |
| title_full | End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service |
| title_fullStr | End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service |
| title_full_unstemmed | End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service |
| title_short | End-to-End Network Requirements for 3GPP Voice Over Wi-Fi (VoWiFi) Service |
| title_sort | end to end network requirements for 3gpp voice over wi fi vowifi service |
| topic | 5G LTE non-3GPP access VoIP VoWiFi Wi-Fi |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10802867/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mluglio endtoendnetworkrequirementsfor3gppvoiceoverwifivowifiservice AT croseti endtoendnetworkrequirementsfor3gppvoiceoverwifivowifiservice AT fzampognaro endtoendnetworkrequirementsfor3gppvoiceoverwifivowifiservice |