Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital
<b>Background</b>: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, particularly <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, represent a growing public health concern, especially in tertiary ca...
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MDPI AG
2025-06-01
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| author | Alina Maria Borcan Elena Rotaru Laura Georgiana Caravia Mihai-Cezar Filipescu Mădălina Simoiu |
| author_facet | Alina Maria Borcan Elena Rotaru Laura Georgiana Caravia Mihai-Cezar Filipescu Mădălina Simoiu |
| author_sort | Alina Maria Borcan |
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| description | <b>Background</b>: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, particularly <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, represent a growing public health concern, especially in tertiary care settings. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance trends of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>A. baumannii</i> isolated from blood cultures over an eight-year period (2017–2024) at a tertiary infectious disease hospital in Bucharest, Romania, especially in the context of the disruption caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective study was conducted on 43,951 blood cultures processed at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Species identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) were performed using VITEK2, MALDI-TOF MS, and supplementary phenotypic methods. AST interpretation followed EUCAST guidelines. <b>Results</b>: Out of all of the positive blood cultures, 112 (3.63%) were <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 158 (5.12%) <i>A. baumannii</i>. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was identified in 46% of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 90.73% of <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates. Resistance trends varied, with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> showing a decrease in MDR rates post-COVID-19 pandemic and following antimicrobial stewardship implementation. In contrast, <i>A. baumannii</i> displayed persistently high resistance, with carbapenem and aminoglycoside resistance rates reaching 100% by 2024. Colistin resistance, though low overall, increased in the latter years. <b>Conclusions</b>: The findings highlight the dynamic nature of antimicrobial resistance among <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>A. baumannii</i>. Effective infection control and antimicrobial stewardship programs are crucial in curbing the rise of MDR strains, particularly amid healthcare system disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8afc5c2cba84ac49277bee0a6907b71 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1424-8247 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| series | Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8afc5c2cba84ac49277bee0a6907b712025-08-20T02:47:14ZengMDPI AGPharmaceuticals1424-82472025-06-0118794810.3390/ph18070948Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary HospitalAlina Maria Borcan0Elena Rotaru1Laura Georgiana Caravia2Mihai-Cezar Filipescu3Mădălina Simoiu4Faculty of Medicine, The University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, RomaniaThe National Institute of Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Bals”, 021205 Bucharest, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, The University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, The University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, The University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 050474 Bucharest, Romania<b>Background</b>: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by multidrug-resistant non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, particularly <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, represent a growing public health concern, especially in tertiary care settings. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance trends of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>A. baumannii</i> isolated from blood cultures over an eight-year period (2017–2024) at a tertiary infectious disease hospital in Bucharest, Romania, especially in the context of the disruption caused by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. <b>Methods</b>: A retrospective study was conducted on 43,951 blood cultures processed at the National Institute of Infectious Diseases. Species identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) were performed using VITEK2, MALDI-TOF MS, and supplementary phenotypic methods. AST interpretation followed EUCAST guidelines. <b>Results</b>: Out of all of the positive blood cultures, 112 (3.63%) were <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 158 (5.12%) <i>A. baumannii</i>. Multidrug-resistance (MDR) was identified in 46% of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and 90.73% of <i>A. baumannii</i> isolates. Resistance trends varied, with <i>P. aeruginosa</i> showing a decrease in MDR rates post-COVID-19 pandemic and following antimicrobial stewardship implementation. In contrast, <i>A. baumannii</i> displayed persistently high resistance, with carbapenem and aminoglycoside resistance rates reaching 100% by 2024. Colistin resistance, though low overall, increased in the latter years. <b>Conclusions</b>: The findings highlight the dynamic nature of antimicrobial resistance among <i>P. aeruginosa</i> and <i>A. baumannii</i>. Effective infection control and antimicrobial stewardship programs are crucial in curbing the rise of MDR strains, particularly amid healthcare system disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/7/948antimicrobial resistance<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>bloodstream infectionshealthcare-associated infections |
| spellingShingle | Alina Maria Borcan Elena Rotaru Laura Georgiana Caravia Mihai-Cezar Filipescu Mădălina Simoiu Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital Pharmaceuticals antimicrobial resistance <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> bloodstream infections healthcare-associated infections |
| title | Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital |
| title_full | Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital |
| title_fullStr | Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital |
| title_short | Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from Bloodstream Infections: An Eight-Year Study in a Romanian Tertiary Hospital |
| title_sort | trends in antimicrobial resistance of i acinetobacter baumannii i and i pseudomonas aeruginosa i from bloodstream infections an eight year study in a romanian tertiary hospital |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> bloodstream infections healthcare-associated infections |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/18/7/948 |
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