Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia
Background: <i>Shigella</i> species are the leading cause of human shigellosis. In Zambia, more than 30% of children experiencing diarrhea are infected with <i>Shigella</i> species. The increasing resistance of <i>Shigella</i> species to the recommended therapy is...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| author | Mike Nundwe Joseph Yamweka Chizimu John Mwaba Misheck Shawa Rodrick S. Katete Mable Mwale Mutengo Ruth Nakazwe Namwiinga R. Mulunda Cephas Sialubanje Mox Malama Kalumbi Yamba Kaunda Rapheal Chanda Herman Chambaro Harvey K. Kamboyi Thoko Kapalamula Steward Mudenda Freeman W. Chabala Bernard M. Hang’ombe Roma Chilengi Chie Nakajima Yasuhiko Suzuki |
| author_facet | Mike Nundwe Joseph Yamweka Chizimu John Mwaba Misheck Shawa Rodrick S. Katete Mable Mwale Mutengo Ruth Nakazwe Namwiinga R. Mulunda Cephas Sialubanje Mox Malama Kalumbi Yamba Kaunda Rapheal Chanda Herman Chambaro Harvey K. Kamboyi Thoko Kapalamula Steward Mudenda Freeman W. Chabala Bernard M. Hang’ombe Roma Chilengi Chie Nakajima Yasuhiko Suzuki |
| author_sort | Mike Nundwe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: <i>Shigella</i> species are the leading cause of human shigellosis. In Zambia, more than 30% of children experiencing diarrhea are infected with <i>Shigella</i> species. The increasing resistance of <i>Shigella</i> species to the recommended therapy is of great concern. Therefore, this study investigated the antibiotic resistance profiles and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of <i>Shigella</i> isolates at the largest referral hospital in Zambia. Methodology: Of the forty-eight archived presumptive <i>Shigella</i> isolates, thirty-two were serologically confirmed and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Thereafter, polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the <i>bla</i> genes. Results: Most isolates were <i>Shigella flexneri</i> (16/32, 50%) and <i>Shigella sonnei</i> (14/32, 44%), while <i>Shigella boydii</i> and <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> were rare. High resistance rates were noted for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (78%) and tetracycline (75%), while 15.6% of the isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and/or azithromycin. The <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> gene encoding beta-lactamase was detected in 7/32 (22%) of isolates. Conclusions: In this study, a significant number of multidrug-resistant isolates were identified. Additionally, <i>Shigella</i> species resistant to the World Health Organization-recommended drugs call for strengthened laboratory diagnosis and close monitoring of these pathogens to guide the clinical management of shigellosis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a8a7bb66d3704f0db54779de6392a6a4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2674-1334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Bacteria |
| spelling | doaj-art-a8a7bb66d3704f0db54779de6392a6a42025-08-20T03:26:15ZengMDPI AGBacteria2674-13342025-04-01421810.3390/bacteria4020018Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, ZambiaMike Nundwe0Joseph Yamweka Chizimu1John Mwaba2Misheck Shawa3Rodrick S. Katete4Mable Mwale Mutengo5Ruth Nakazwe6Namwiinga R. Mulunda7Cephas Sialubanje8Mox Malama Kalumbi9Yamba Kaunda10Rapheal Chanda11Herman Chambaro12Harvey K. Kamboyi13Thoko Kapalamula14Steward Mudenda15Freeman W. Chabala16Bernard M. Hang’ombe17Roma Chilengi18Chie Nakajima19Yasuhiko Suzuki20Institute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaZambia National Public Health Institute, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaHokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, Hokkaido University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaInstitute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaInstitute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaInstitute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaSchool of Public Health, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaInstitute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaZambia National Public Health Institute, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDepartment of Pathology and Microbiology, University Teaching Hospitals, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDepartment of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDivision of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, JapanDepartment of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe 207225, MalawiDepartment of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaInstitute of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Levy Mwanawasa Medical University, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDepartment of Para-Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaZambia National Public Health Institute, Lusaka 10101, ZambiaDivision of Bioresources, Hokkaido University International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo 001-0020, JapanDivision of Bioresources, Hokkaido University International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Sapporo 001-0020, JapanBackground: <i>Shigella</i> species are the leading cause of human shigellosis. In Zambia, more than 30% of children experiencing diarrhea are infected with <i>Shigella</i> species. The increasing resistance of <i>Shigella</i> species to the recommended therapy is of great concern. Therefore, this study investigated the antibiotic resistance profiles and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of <i>Shigella</i> isolates at the largest referral hospital in Zambia. Methodology: Of the forty-eight archived presumptive <i>Shigella</i> isolates, thirty-two were serologically confirmed and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Thereafter, polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the <i>bla</i> genes. Results: Most isolates were <i>Shigella flexneri</i> (16/32, 50%) and <i>Shigella sonnei</i> (14/32, 44%), while <i>Shigella boydii</i> and <i>Shigella dysenteriae</i> were rare. High resistance rates were noted for sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (78%) and tetracycline (75%), while 15.6% of the isolates showed resistance to ciprofloxacin and/or azithromycin. The <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> gene encoding beta-lactamase was detected in 7/32 (22%) of isolates. Conclusions: In this study, a significant number of multidrug-resistant isolates were identified. Additionally, <i>Shigella</i> species resistant to the World Health Organization-recommended drugs call for strengthened laboratory diagnosis and close monitoring of these pathogens to guide the clinical management of shigellosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1334/4/2/18<i>Shigella</i> speciesantimicrobial resistancesero-diversitydiarrheaZambia |
| spellingShingle | Mike Nundwe Joseph Yamweka Chizimu John Mwaba Misheck Shawa Rodrick S. Katete Mable Mwale Mutengo Ruth Nakazwe Namwiinga R. Mulunda Cephas Sialubanje Mox Malama Kalumbi Yamba Kaunda Rapheal Chanda Herman Chambaro Harvey K. Kamboyi Thoko Kapalamula Steward Mudenda Freeman W. Chabala Bernard M. Hang’ombe Roma Chilengi Chie Nakajima Yasuhiko Suzuki Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia Bacteria <i>Shigella</i> species antimicrobial resistance sero-diversity diarrhea Zambia |
| title | Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_full | Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_short | Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Serological Diversity of <i>Shigella</i> Species from Patient Isolates at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia |
| title_sort | antimicrobial resistance patterns and serological diversity of i shigella i species from patient isolates at university teaching hospital in lusaka zambia |
| topic | <i>Shigella</i> species antimicrobial resistance sero-diversity diarrhea Zambia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-1334/4/2/18 |
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