Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents

A series of novel pyrazole-based polyazomethines incorporating different heteroaromatic moieties was synthesized via the polycondensation of diaminopyrazole with terephthalaldehyde, 10-octylphenothiazine-3,7-dicarbaldehyde, and 9-hexylcarbazole-3,6-dicarbaldehyde. The polymers were characterized usi...

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Main Authors: Aqilah A. Hakami, Salsabeel Al-Sodies, Hajar S. Alorfi, Abrar S. Alnafisah, Mahmoud A. Hussein
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Results in Chemistry
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715625001122
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author Aqilah A. Hakami
Salsabeel Al-Sodies
Hajar S. Alorfi
Abrar S. Alnafisah
Mahmoud A. Hussein
author_facet Aqilah A. Hakami
Salsabeel Al-Sodies
Hajar S. Alorfi
Abrar S. Alnafisah
Mahmoud A. Hussein
author_sort Aqilah A. Hakami
collection DOAJ
description A series of novel pyrazole-based polyazomethines incorporating different heteroaromatic moieties was synthesized via the polycondensation of diaminopyrazole with terephthalaldehyde, 10-octylphenothiazine-3,7-dicarbaldehyde, and 9-hexylcarbazole-3,6-dicarbaldehyde. The polymers were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, GPC, and TGA/DTG techniques. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed successful polymerization in the presence of imine linkages. XRD revealed the crystalline nature of the polymers, whereas SEM showed distinct morphological differences between PAT and PPTz-C8. GPC analysis indicated molecular weights ranging from 27,800 Da to 55,800 Da, with PPTz-C8 exhibiting the highest molecular weight and viscosity. TGA/DTG demonstrated the thermal stability of the polymers, with PCz-C6 exhibiting the highest thermal stability. The antimicrobial activities of the polymers were evaluated against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as against fungi. PPTz-C8 and PCz-C6 displayed the most potent antibacterial activity against E. coli. The anticancer activity of the polymers was assessed against human colorectal cancer (HCT116) cells, with the monomer and PAT exhibiting the highest potency. The incorporation of different heteroaromatic moieties significantly influenced the properties and biological activities of polyazomethines, making them promising candidates for various applications in materials science and medicinal chemistry.
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spelling doaj-art-a8a2d70b0423469ab07d4657537bc3a52025-08-20T02:56:51ZengElsevierResults in Chemistry2211-71562025-03-011410212910.1016/j.rechem.2025.102129Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agentsAqilah A. Hakami0Salsabeel Al-Sodies1Hajar S. Alorfi2Abrar S. Alnafisah3Mahmoud A. Hussein4Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30002, Saudi ArabiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi ArabiaChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt; Corresponding author.A series of novel pyrazole-based polyazomethines incorporating different heteroaromatic moieties was synthesized via the polycondensation of diaminopyrazole with terephthalaldehyde, 10-octylphenothiazine-3,7-dicarbaldehyde, and 9-hexylcarbazole-3,6-dicarbaldehyde. The polymers were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, SEM, GPC, and TGA/DTG techniques. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed successful polymerization in the presence of imine linkages. XRD revealed the crystalline nature of the polymers, whereas SEM showed distinct morphological differences between PAT and PPTz-C8. GPC analysis indicated molecular weights ranging from 27,800 Da to 55,800 Da, with PPTz-C8 exhibiting the highest molecular weight and viscosity. TGA/DTG demonstrated the thermal stability of the polymers, with PCz-C6 exhibiting the highest thermal stability. The antimicrobial activities of the polymers were evaluated against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as against fungi. PPTz-C8 and PCz-C6 displayed the most potent antibacterial activity against E. coli. The anticancer activity of the polymers was assessed against human colorectal cancer (HCT116) cells, with the monomer and PAT exhibiting the highest potency. The incorporation of different heteroaromatic moieties significantly influenced the properties and biological activities of polyazomethines, making them promising candidates for various applications in materials science and medicinal chemistry.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715625001122Anticancer and antimicrobial activity activePolyazomethinePyrazole moietiesPhenothiazine, Carbazole
spellingShingle Aqilah A. Hakami
Salsabeel Al-Sodies
Hajar S. Alorfi
Abrar S. Alnafisah
Mahmoud A. Hussein
Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents
Results in Chemistry
Anticancer and antimicrobial activity active
Polyazomethine
Pyrazole moieties
Phenothiazine, Carbazole
title Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents
title_full Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents
title_fullStr Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents
title_full_unstemmed Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents
title_short Novel branched Heteroaromatic Pyrazole-based Polyazomethines as anticancer agents
title_sort novel branched heteroaromatic pyrazole based polyazomethines as anticancer agents
topic Anticancer and antimicrobial activity active
Polyazomethine
Pyrazole moieties
Phenothiazine, Carbazole
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211715625001122
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