Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Objective To evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety of different acupuncture (AP) therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome (SAS).Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang Data, CNKI, CBM, and VIP for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying AP for SAS unt...

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Main Authors: Yun Li, Ling Gao, Xiyan Gao, Wenming Chu, Boyu Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Annals of Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2527356
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author Yun Li
Ling Gao
Xiyan Gao
Wenming Chu
Boyu Zhang
author_facet Yun Li
Ling Gao
Xiyan Gao
Wenming Chu
Boyu Zhang
author_sort Yun Li
collection DOAJ
description Objective To evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety of different acupuncture (AP) therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome (SAS).Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang Data, CNKI, CBM, and VIP for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying AP for SAS until April 25, 2024. Effectiveness required a >25% decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and a >1/3 reduction in symptom scores after treatment. Secondary outcomes included AHI, lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO₂), longest apnea time (LAT), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, and adverse events (AEs). We performed standard pairwise meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (NMA) using Stata15.1 and RStudio4.2.3, assessed evidence quality (GRADE), and ranked treatments using SUCRA values.Results Network meta-analysis of 43 randomized trials (3402 SAS patients) revealed distinct efficacy profiles: Electroacupuncture (EA) was the best intervention for reducing apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (SUCRA=86.0%), while acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) ranked highest for both shortening longest apnea time (LAT) (SUCRA=98.7%) and improving lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO₂) (SUCRA = 89.7%). For reducing daytime sleepiness (ESS), manual acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal decoction (MA+OCHD) was most effective (SUCRA = 87.6%). In terms of overall clinical effectiveness rate, manual acupuncture plus Western medicine (MA+WM) performed best (SUCRA = 79.8%). Safety analysis showed Chinese herbal decoction (OCHD) alone was associated with the fewest adverse events (SUCRA = 93.4%).Conclusion AP therapies are effective and safe for SAS. EA or ACE best improves breathing parameters, MA+OCHD best reduces sleepiness, and MA+WM yields the highest overall effectiveness. These findings guide SAS treatment selection.
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spelling doaj-art-a896d4c8d2e14379b2ef7769f63aec182025-08-20T02:40:43ZengTaylor & Francis GroupAnnals of Medicine0785-38901365-20602025-12-0157110.1080/07853890.2025.2527356Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysisYun Li0Ling Gao1Xiyan Gao2Wenming Chu3Boyu Zhang4Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaHenan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, ChinaObjective To evaluate and rank the efficacy and safety of different acupuncture (AP) therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome (SAS).Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, Wanfang Data, CNKI, CBM, and VIP for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying AP for SAS until April 25, 2024. Effectiveness required a >25% decrease in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and a >1/3 reduction in symptom scores after treatment. Secondary outcomes included AHI, lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO₂), longest apnea time (LAT), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, and adverse events (AEs). We performed standard pairwise meta-analyses and network meta-analyses (NMA) using Stata15.1 and RStudio4.2.3, assessed evidence quality (GRADE), and ranked treatments using SUCRA values.Results Network meta-analysis of 43 randomized trials (3402 SAS patients) revealed distinct efficacy profiles: Electroacupuncture (EA) was the best intervention for reducing apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (SUCRA=86.0%), while acupoint catgut embedding (ACE) ranked highest for both shortening longest apnea time (LAT) (SUCRA=98.7%) and improving lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO₂) (SUCRA = 89.7%). For reducing daytime sleepiness (ESS), manual acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal decoction (MA+OCHD) was most effective (SUCRA = 87.6%). In terms of overall clinical effectiveness rate, manual acupuncture plus Western medicine (MA+WM) performed best (SUCRA = 79.8%). Safety analysis showed Chinese herbal decoction (OCHD) alone was associated with the fewest adverse events (SUCRA = 93.4%).Conclusion AP therapies are effective and safe for SAS. EA or ACE best improves breathing parameters, MA+OCHD best reduces sleepiness, and MA+WM yields the highest overall effectiveness. These findings guide SAS treatment selection.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2527356Acupuncturesleep apnea syndromesystematic reviewnetwork meta-analysis (NMA)effectiveness
spellingShingle Yun Li
Ling Gao
Xiyan Gao
Wenming Chu
Boyu Zhang
Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Annals of Medicine
Acupuncture
sleep apnea syndrome
systematic review
network meta-analysis (NMA)
effectiveness
title Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
title_full Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
title_fullStr Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
title_short Efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
title_sort efficacy and safety of different acupuncture therapies in treating sleep apnea syndrome a systematic review and network meta analysis
topic Acupuncture
sleep apnea syndrome
systematic review
network meta-analysis (NMA)
effectiveness
url https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/07853890.2025.2527356
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