Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression

Climate change and global warming have been shown to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Concurrently, substantial efforts are being directed toward fostering the transition to a low-carbon economy. These concurrent trends result in the emergence of both physical and tran...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Ousama Ben-Salha, Mourad Zmami, Sami Sobhi Waked, Bechir Raggad, Faouzi Najjar, Yazeed Mohammad Alenazi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Atmosphere
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/2/233
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850080811657723904
author Ousama Ben-Salha
Mourad Zmami
Sami Sobhi Waked
Bechir Raggad
Faouzi Najjar
Yazeed Mohammad Alenazi
author_facet Ousama Ben-Salha
Mourad Zmami
Sami Sobhi Waked
Bechir Raggad
Faouzi Najjar
Yazeed Mohammad Alenazi
author_sort Ousama Ben-Salha
collection DOAJ
description Climate change and global warming have been shown to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Concurrently, substantial efforts are being directed toward fostering the transition to a low-carbon economy. These concurrent trends result in the emergence of both physical and transition climate risks. This study investigates the impacts of climate risks, both physical and transition, on the return of major industrial metals (aluminum, copper, iron, lead, tin, nickel, and zinc) between January 2005 and December 2023. Employing the novel multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression (m-QQR) approach, this study examines how climate risks affect metal markets under different market conditions and risk levels. The results reveal that transition risks exert a more significant adverse impact on metal returns during bearish markets conditions, particularly for metals linked to high-emission industries, while physical risks affect metal returns across a wider range of quantiles, often increasing volatility during extreme market conditions. Furthermore, copper and nickel, both of which are crucial for renewable energy development, demonstrate resilience at higher quantiles, highlighting their role in the transition to a low-carbon economy. Finally, these two metals may serve as effective hedges against losses in other metals that are more vulnerable to transition risks, like aluminum and lead.
format Article
id doaj-art-a880636fa1a440cea2a69636fbc7015f
institution DOAJ
issn 2073-4433
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Atmosphere
spelling doaj-art-a880636fa1a440cea2a69636fbc7015f2025-08-20T02:44:52ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332025-02-0116223310.3390/atmos16020233Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile RegressionOusama Ben-Salha0Mourad Zmami1Sami Sobhi Waked2Bechir Raggad3Faouzi Najjar4Yazeed Mohammad Alenazi5Humanities and Social Research Center, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 91431, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Business Administration, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 91431, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Business Administration, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 91431, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Business Administration, College of Business Administration, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Business Administration, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 91431, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Business Administration, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, Arar 91431, Saudi ArabiaClimate change and global warming have been shown to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Concurrently, substantial efforts are being directed toward fostering the transition to a low-carbon economy. These concurrent trends result in the emergence of both physical and transition climate risks. This study investigates the impacts of climate risks, both physical and transition, on the return of major industrial metals (aluminum, copper, iron, lead, tin, nickel, and zinc) between January 2005 and December 2023. Employing the novel multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression (m-QQR) approach, this study examines how climate risks affect metal markets under different market conditions and risk levels. The results reveal that transition risks exert a more significant adverse impact on metal returns during bearish markets conditions, particularly for metals linked to high-emission industries, while physical risks affect metal returns across a wider range of quantiles, often increasing volatility during extreme market conditions. Furthermore, copper and nickel, both of which are crucial for renewable energy development, demonstrate resilience at higher quantiles, highlighting their role in the transition to a low-carbon economy. Finally, these two metals may serve as effective hedges against losses in other metals that are more vulnerable to transition risks, like aluminum and lead.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/2/233climate riskstransition risksphysical risksmetal returnsmultivariate quantile-on-quantile regression
spellingShingle Ousama Ben-Salha
Mourad Zmami
Sami Sobhi Waked
Bechir Raggad
Faouzi Najjar
Yazeed Mohammad Alenazi
Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression
Atmosphere
climate risks
transition risks
physical risks
metal returns
multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression
title Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression
title_full Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression
title_fullStr Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression
title_full_unstemmed Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression
title_short Assessing the Impacts of Transition and Physical Climate Risks on Industrial Metal Markets: Evidence from the Novel Multivariate Quantile-on-Quantile Regression
title_sort assessing the impacts of transition and physical climate risks on industrial metal markets evidence from the novel multivariate quantile on quantile regression
topic climate risks
transition risks
physical risks
metal returns
multivariate quantile-on-quantile regression
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/16/2/233
work_keys_str_mv AT ousamabensalha assessingtheimpactsoftransitionandphysicalclimaterisksonindustrialmetalmarketsevidencefromthenovelmultivariatequantileonquantileregression
AT mouradzmami assessingtheimpactsoftransitionandphysicalclimaterisksonindustrialmetalmarketsevidencefromthenovelmultivariatequantileonquantileregression
AT samisobhiwaked assessingtheimpactsoftransitionandphysicalclimaterisksonindustrialmetalmarketsevidencefromthenovelmultivariatequantileonquantileregression
AT bechirraggad assessingtheimpactsoftransitionandphysicalclimaterisksonindustrialmetalmarketsevidencefromthenovelmultivariatequantileonquantileregression
AT faouzinajjar assessingtheimpactsoftransitionandphysicalclimaterisksonindustrialmetalmarketsevidencefromthenovelmultivariatequantileonquantileregression
AT yazeedmohammadalenazi assessingtheimpactsoftransitionandphysicalclimaterisksonindustrialmetalmarketsevidencefromthenovelmultivariatequantileonquantileregression