Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions

The use of plastic agricultural mulching films presents a “double-edged sword”: while these films enhance crop yields, they also lead to the accumulation of plastic film residues in the soil, creating new pollutants (microplastics). Our understanding of the “plastisphere”, a niche formed by agricult...

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Main Authors: Ge Wang, Qian Sun, Maolu Wei, Miaomiao Xie, Ting Shen, Dongyan Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Agronomy
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/419
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author Ge Wang
Qian Sun
Maolu Wei
Miaomiao Xie
Ting Shen
Dongyan Liu
author_facet Ge Wang
Qian Sun
Maolu Wei
Miaomiao Xie
Ting Shen
Dongyan Liu
author_sort Ge Wang
collection DOAJ
description The use of plastic agricultural mulching films presents a “double-edged sword”: while these films enhance crop yields, they also lead to the accumulation of plastic film residues in the soil, creating new pollutants (microplastics). Our understanding of the “plastisphere”, a niche formed by agricultural film residues in the soil, where unique microbial communities and soil conditions converge remains limited. This is particularly true for protists, which are recognized as key determinants of soil health. Therefore, this study simulated a field experiment to analyze the effects of long-term plastic film residues on the structure of protist microbial communities in the rhizosphere, bulk soil and plastisphere of oilseed rape as well as their effects on soil nutrients. The results revealed that the residual plastic films underwent significant structural and chemical degradations. Protist diversity and co-occurrence network complexity were markedly reduced in plastisphere soils. In addition, soil moisture content, inorganic nitrogen and available phosphorus levels declined, leading to deficiencies in soil nutrients. Functional shifts in consumer protists and phototrophs along with weakened network interactions, have been identified as key drivers of impaired nutrient turnover. Our study underscores the critical role of protist communities in maintaining soil nutrient cycling and highlights the profound adverse effects of plastic film residues on soil ecosystems. These findings provide valuable insights into mitigating plastic residue accumulation to preserve long-term soil fertility and ensure sustainable agricultural productivity.
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series Agronomy
spelling doaj-art-a852d3f60cf3435e971009496a044f912025-08-20T02:44:29ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-02-0115241910.3390/agronomy15020419Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field ConditionsGe Wang0Qian Sun1Maolu Wei2Miaomiao Xie3Ting Shen4Dongyan Liu5College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaThe use of plastic agricultural mulching films presents a “double-edged sword”: while these films enhance crop yields, they also lead to the accumulation of plastic film residues in the soil, creating new pollutants (microplastics). Our understanding of the “plastisphere”, a niche formed by agricultural film residues in the soil, where unique microbial communities and soil conditions converge remains limited. This is particularly true for protists, which are recognized as key determinants of soil health. Therefore, this study simulated a field experiment to analyze the effects of long-term plastic film residues on the structure of protist microbial communities in the rhizosphere, bulk soil and plastisphere of oilseed rape as well as their effects on soil nutrients. The results revealed that the residual plastic films underwent significant structural and chemical degradations. Protist diversity and co-occurrence network complexity were markedly reduced in plastisphere soils. In addition, soil moisture content, inorganic nitrogen and available phosphorus levels declined, leading to deficiencies in soil nutrients. Functional shifts in consumer protists and phototrophs along with weakened network interactions, have been identified as key drivers of impaired nutrient turnover. Our study underscores the critical role of protist communities in maintaining soil nutrient cycling and highlights the profound adverse effects of plastic film residues on soil ecosystems. These findings provide valuable insights into mitigating plastic residue accumulation to preserve long-term soil fertility and ensure sustainable agricultural productivity.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/419film residuesplastisphererhizospherebulkrapeseedprotist
spellingShingle Ge Wang
Qian Sun
Maolu Wei
Miaomiao Xie
Ting Shen
Dongyan Liu
Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions
Agronomy
film residues
plastisphere
rhizosphere
bulk
rapeseed
protist
title Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions
title_full Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions
title_fullStr Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions
title_full_unstemmed Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions
title_short Plastic Film Residue Reshaped Protist Communities and Induced Soil Nutrient Deficiency Under Field Conditions
title_sort plastic film residue reshaped protist communities and induced soil nutrient deficiency under field conditions
topic film residues
plastisphere
rhizosphere
bulk
rapeseed
protist
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/2/419
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AT maoluwei plasticfilmresiduereshapedprotistcommunitiesandinducedsoilnutrientdeficiencyunderfieldconditions
AT miaomiaoxie plasticfilmresiduereshapedprotistcommunitiesandinducedsoilnutrientdeficiencyunderfieldconditions
AT tingshen plasticfilmresiduereshapedprotistcommunitiesandinducedsoilnutrientdeficiencyunderfieldconditions
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