Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking

Abstract After leaving the U.S. East Coast, the northward flowing Gulf Stream (GS) becomes a zonal jet and carries along its frontal characteristics of strong flow and sea surface temperature gradients into the North Atlantic at midlatitudes. The separation location where it leaves the coast is also...

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Main Authors: Terrence M. Joyce, Young‐Oh Kwon, Hyodae Seo, Caroline C. Ummenhofer
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2019-02-01
Series:Geophysical Research Letters
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081087
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author Terrence M. Joyce
Young‐Oh Kwon
Hyodae Seo
Caroline C. Ummenhofer
author_facet Terrence M. Joyce
Young‐Oh Kwon
Hyodae Seo
Caroline C. Ummenhofer
author_sort Terrence M. Joyce
collection DOAJ
description Abstract After leaving the U.S. East Coast, the northward flowing Gulf Stream (GS) becomes a zonal jet and carries along its frontal characteristics of strong flow and sea surface temperature gradients into the North Atlantic at midlatitudes. The separation location where it leaves the coast is also an anchor point for the wintertime synoptic storm track across North America to continue to develop and head across the ocean. We examine the meridional variability of the separated GS path on interannual to decadal time scales as an agent for similar changes in the storm track and blocking variability at midtroposphere from 1979 to 2012. We find that periods of northerly (southerly) GS path are associated with increased (suppressed) excursions of the synoptic storm track to the northeast over the Labrador Sea and reduced (enhanced) Greenland blocking. In both instances, GS shifts lead those in the midtroposphere by a few months.
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series Geophysical Research Letters
spelling doaj-art-a7e67f9f59bf4852b2f93dd95e1bfa702025-08-20T01:51:46ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072019-02-014631702170810.1029/2018GL081087Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland BlockingTerrence M. Joyce0Young‐Oh Kwon1Hyodae Seo2Caroline C. Ummenhofer3Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USAWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USAWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USAWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA USAAbstract After leaving the U.S. East Coast, the northward flowing Gulf Stream (GS) becomes a zonal jet and carries along its frontal characteristics of strong flow and sea surface temperature gradients into the North Atlantic at midlatitudes. The separation location where it leaves the coast is also an anchor point for the wintertime synoptic storm track across North America to continue to develop and head across the ocean. We examine the meridional variability of the separated GS path on interannual to decadal time scales as an agent for similar changes in the storm track and blocking variability at midtroposphere from 1979 to 2012. We find that periods of northerly (southerly) GS path are associated with increased (suppressed) excursions of the synoptic storm track to the northeast over the Labrador Sea and reduced (enhanced) Greenland blocking. In both instances, GS shifts lead those in the midtroposphere by a few months.https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081087Gulf Stream path changeswintertime atmospheric storm trackGreenland blockingintrerannual variability
spellingShingle Terrence M. Joyce
Young‐Oh Kwon
Hyodae Seo
Caroline C. Ummenhofer
Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking
Geophysical Research Letters
Gulf Stream path changes
wintertime atmospheric storm track
Greenland blocking
intrerannual variability
title Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking
title_full Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking
title_fullStr Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking
title_full_unstemmed Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking
title_short Meridional Gulf Stream Shifts Can Influence Wintertime Variability in the North Atlantic Storm Track and Greenland Blocking
title_sort meridional gulf stream shifts can influence wintertime variability in the north atlantic storm track and greenland blocking
topic Gulf Stream path changes
wintertime atmospheric storm track
Greenland blocking
intrerannual variability
url https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL081087
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