Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China

Abstract Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging pathogen associated with pediatric respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, yet its genetic diversity remains understudied. The aberrant global resurgence of other respiratory viruses after the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding signifi...

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Main Authors: Qiuchi Lv, Yiliang Fu, Hongwei Zhao, Zhengde Xie, Lili Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-06-01
Series:Virology Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02846-z
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author Qiuchi Lv
Yiliang Fu
Hongwei Zhao
Zhengde Xie
Lili Xu
author_facet Qiuchi Lv
Yiliang Fu
Hongwei Zhao
Zhengde Xie
Lili Xu
author_sort Qiuchi Lv
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging pathogen associated with pediatric respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, yet its genetic diversity remains understudied. The aberrant global resurgence of other respiratory viruses after the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding significant evolutionary shifts in viral genetic profiles. Accordingly, this study characterized HBoV isolates that circulated in Beijing during 2023 by analyzing 1,442 pediatric respiratory samples associated with acute respiratory tract infections. Among 43 HBoV-positive cases with a 2.98% detection rate, 11 complete genomes were sequenced and classified as HBoV1 through phylogenetic analysis. Amino acid substitutions in VP1, including the prevalent N474S mutation (95.3% frequency in GenBank), were predicted via structural modeling to alter hydrogen-bonding networks, potentially enhancing viral stability. Entropy analysis confirmed the high variability of VP1, whereas selective pressure analysis revealed conserved sites under purifying selection in the NP1 and VP1 proteins. Notably, the S79N substitution in NP1 introduced a putatively N-glycosylation site while a putatively O-glycosylation site was lost in four isolates, may suggesting functional implications. No recombination events were detected. These findings provide critical insights into the molecular evolution of HBoV1 and inform future research on antiviral strategies.
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institution Kabale University
issn 1743-422X
language English
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record_format Article
series Virology Journal
spelling doaj-art-a7d251b92cc34dfeae99d26829d949072025-08-20T04:01:25ZengBMCVirology Journal1743-422X2025-06-0122111210.1186/s12985-025-02846-zGenetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, ChinaQiuchi Lv0Yiliang Fu1Hongwei Zhao2Zhengde Xie3Lili Xu4Beijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthBeijing Key Laboratory of Core Technologies for the Prevention and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Children, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Key Discipline of Pediatrics (Capital Medical University), Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s HealthAbstract Human bocavirus (HBoV) is an emerging pathogen associated with pediatric respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, yet its genetic diversity remains understudied. The aberrant global resurgence of other respiratory viruses after the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns regarding significant evolutionary shifts in viral genetic profiles. Accordingly, this study characterized HBoV isolates that circulated in Beijing during 2023 by analyzing 1,442 pediatric respiratory samples associated with acute respiratory tract infections. Among 43 HBoV-positive cases with a 2.98% detection rate, 11 complete genomes were sequenced and classified as HBoV1 through phylogenetic analysis. Amino acid substitutions in VP1, including the prevalent N474S mutation (95.3% frequency in GenBank), were predicted via structural modeling to alter hydrogen-bonding networks, potentially enhancing viral stability. Entropy analysis confirmed the high variability of VP1, whereas selective pressure analysis revealed conserved sites under purifying selection in the NP1 and VP1 proteins. Notably, the S79N substitution in NP1 introduced a putatively N-glycosylation site while a putatively O-glycosylation site was lost in four isolates, may suggesting functional implications. No recombination events were detected. These findings provide critical insights into the molecular evolution of HBoV1 and inform future research on antiviral strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02846-zHBoVGenetic characterizationPhylogenetic analysisChildren
spellingShingle Qiuchi Lv
Yiliang Fu
Hongwei Zhao
Zhengde Xie
Lili Xu
Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China
Virology Journal
HBoV
Genetic characterization
Phylogenetic analysis
Children
title Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China
title_full Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China
title_fullStr Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China
title_full_unstemmed Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China
title_short Genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in Beijing, China
title_sort genetic characteristics of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infections during 2023 in beijing china
topic HBoV
Genetic characterization
Phylogenetic analysis
Children
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-025-02846-z
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