Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type

Despite recent studies establishing self-compassion and secure attachment to be vital protective factors against suicidality, the role of attachment as a psychological mechanism that may mediate the relationship between self-compassion and suicidality has not been investigated to date. This study a...

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Main Authors: Vasiliki Yotsidi, Charis Ntakolia, Ioanna Rannou, Pilios-Dimitris Stavrou, Panagiotis Ferentinos, Athanasios Douzenis, Nikolaos Smyrnis, Efthimia Gavriilidou, Rossetos Gournellis
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Language:English
Published: PAGEPress Publications 2024-12-01
Series:Research in Psychotherapy
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Online Access:https://www.researchinpsychotherapy.org/rpsy/article/view/826
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author Vasiliki Yotsidi
Charis Ntakolia
Ioanna Rannou
Pilios-Dimitris Stavrou
Panagiotis Ferentinos
Athanasios Douzenis
Nikolaos Smyrnis
Efthimia Gavriilidou
Rossetos Gournellis
author_facet Vasiliki Yotsidi
Charis Ntakolia
Ioanna Rannou
Pilios-Dimitris Stavrou
Panagiotis Ferentinos
Athanasios Douzenis
Nikolaos Smyrnis
Efthimia Gavriilidou
Rossetos Gournellis
author_sort Vasiliki Yotsidi
collection DOAJ
description Despite recent studies establishing self-compassion and secure attachment to be vital protective factors against suicidality, the role of attachment as a psychological mechanism that may mediate the relationship between self-compassion and suicidality has not been investigated to date. This study aims to address this gap by investigating whether attachment styles, specifically avoidant attachment, mediate the link between self-compassion and suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). 273 adult patients with MDD completed the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECRS), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) along with sociodemographic and clinical questions. Statistical analyses included correlation analysis and Mann- Whitney U tests to examine the relationships and possible differences between the non-suicidal group and the suicidal group of patients in terms of attachment style, self-compassion, and self-destructive behaviors. A mediation analysis to assess the role of attachment avoidance in the relationship between selfcompassion and suicidality was also conducted. Both attachment anxiety and avoidance were positively associated with suicidality and depression and negatively with self-compassion. The patients with increased suicidality differed significantly in the levels of depression, self-compassion, and attachment compared to those who were non-suicidal. The protective mechanism of self-compassion against suicidality was mediated by attachment avoidance. Research findings highlight the need for considering attachment-related issues to understand suicidality and tailor interventions in the field of suicide prevention and treatment while they gauge treatment priorities in working with depressed patients with suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
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spelling doaj-art-a7cfe8f145d445d186d8a794941fddba2025-08-20T02:36:46ZengPAGEPress PublicationsResearch in Psychotherapy2499-75522239-80312024-12-0127110.4081/ripppo.2024.826Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment typeVasiliki Yotsidi0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7242-2948Charis Ntakolia1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9780-9815Ioanna Rannou 2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5786-1838Pilios-Dimitris Stavrou3Panagiotis Ferentinos4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8531-5623Athanasios Douzenis 5Nikolaos Smyrnis6Efthimia Gavriilidou7https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3905-4227Rossetos Gournellis 8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-1681Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens; 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital ATTIKON; School of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patras Air Force AcademyDepartment of Psychology, National & Kapodistrian University of AthensDepartment of Psychology, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens2nd Department of Psychiatry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital ATTIKON 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital ATTIKON 2nd Department of Psychiatry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital ATTIKON School of Social Sciences, Hellenic Open University, Patras2nd Department of Psychiatry, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, University General Hospital ATTIKON Despite recent studies establishing self-compassion and secure attachment to be vital protective factors against suicidality, the role of attachment as a psychological mechanism that may mediate the relationship between self-compassion and suicidality has not been investigated to date. This study aims to address this gap by investigating whether attachment styles, specifically avoidant attachment, mediate the link between self-compassion and suicidality in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). 273 adult patients with MDD completed the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale (ECRS), and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) along with sociodemographic and clinical questions. Statistical analyses included correlation analysis and Mann- Whitney U tests to examine the relationships and possible differences between the non-suicidal group and the suicidal group of patients in terms of attachment style, self-compassion, and self-destructive behaviors. A mediation analysis to assess the role of attachment avoidance in the relationship between selfcompassion and suicidality was also conducted. Both attachment anxiety and avoidance were positively associated with suicidality and depression and negatively with self-compassion. The patients with increased suicidality differed significantly in the levels of depression, self-compassion, and attachment compared to those who were non-suicidal. The protective mechanism of self-compassion against suicidality was mediated by attachment avoidance. Research findings highlight the need for considering attachment-related issues to understand suicidality and tailor interventions in the field of suicide prevention and treatment while they gauge treatment priorities in working with depressed patients with suicidal thoughts and behaviors. https://www.researchinpsychotherapy.org/rpsy/article/view/826Suicidalitymajor depressive disorderattachment styleself-compassionsuicidal ideation
spellingShingle Vasiliki Yotsidi
Charis Ntakolia
Ioanna Rannou
Pilios-Dimitris Stavrou
Panagiotis Ferentinos
Athanasios Douzenis
Nikolaos Smyrnis
Efthimia Gavriilidou
Rossetos Gournellis
Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
Research in Psychotherapy
Suicidality
major depressive disorder
attachment style
self-compassion
suicidal ideation
title Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
title_full Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
title_fullStr Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
title_full_unstemmed Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
title_short Suicidality and self-compassion in patients with major depressive disorder: the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
title_sort suicidality and self compassion in patients with major depressive disorder the mediating role of the avoidant attachment type
topic Suicidality
major depressive disorder
attachment style
self-compassion
suicidal ideation
url https://www.researchinpsychotherapy.org/rpsy/article/view/826
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