When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis

Introduction: The Gerbode defect is a rare cardiac anomaly characterised by abnormal communication between the left ventricle and right atrium. Although primarily congenital, it can also be acquired, typically as a complication of myocardial infarction or infective endocarditis. This report examines...

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Main Authors: Elizabeth R. Rimsky, Aysan Sattarzadeh, Kaiyu Jia, Shahkar Khan, Danyal Khan, Martin Amor, Jonathan Spagnola
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SMC MEDIA SRL 2025-04-01
Series:European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5357
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author Elizabeth R. Rimsky
Aysan Sattarzadeh
Kaiyu Jia
Shahkar Khan
Danyal Khan
Martin Amor
Jonathan Spagnola
author_facet Elizabeth R. Rimsky
Aysan Sattarzadeh
Kaiyu Jia
Shahkar Khan
Danyal Khan
Martin Amor
Jonathan Spagnola
author_sort Elizabeth R. Rimsky
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: The Gerbode defect is a rare cardiac anomaly characterised by abnormal communication between the left ventricle and right atrium. Although primarily congenital, it can also be acquired, typically as a complication of myocardial infarction or infective endocarditis. This report examines a unique case of multivalvular infective endocarditis caused by group B Streptococcal bacteraemia, which led to the development of an acquired Gerbode defect. Case description: A 64-year-old male patient presented with symptoms of fever and dyspnoea and was diagnosed with group B Streptococcal bacteraemia. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) and cardiac magnetic resonance were used to assess the extent of valvular involvement and detect any underlying structural abnormalities. Comprehensive clinical, microbiological and imaging evaluations were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Discussion: A transthoracic echocardiography revealed multivalvular vegetations and a newly detected left ventricle-to-right atrium shunt, consistent with a Gerbode defect. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the acquired defect. Surgery was considered but deemed too high a risk due to the likelihood of postoperative dialysis and a greater than 50% mortality risk. After discussing these risks, the patient and family opted for conservative management, and palliative care was initiated. Conclusion: This case highlights the rare development of an acquired Gerbode defect in the context of multivalvular infective endocarditis due to group B Streptococcus. Early diagnosis using advanced imaging techniques is critical for proper management. Surgical intervention remains a key therapeutic option, and a multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimising patient outcomes in such complex cases.
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spelling doaj-art-a79b82a8e73d422aa69de7562cc953582025-08-20T03:11:25ZengSMC MEDIA SRLEuropean Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine2284-25942025-04-0110.12890/2025_0053574892When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditisElizabeth R. Rimsky0Aysan Sattarzadeh1Kaiyu Jia2Shahkar Khan3Danyal Khan4Martin Amor5Jonathan Spagnola6Department of Medicine, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USADepartment of Medicine, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USADepartment of Medicine, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USADepartment of Cardiology, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USADepartment of Cardiology, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USADepartment of Cardiology, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USADepartment of Cardiology, Northwell at Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, USAIntroduction: The Gerbode defect is a rare cardiac anomaly characterised by abnormal communication between the left ventricle and right atrium. Although primarily congenital, it can also be acquired, typically as a complication of myocardial infarction or infective endocarditis. This report examines a unique case of multivalvular infective endocarditis caused by group B Streptococcal bacteraemia, which led to the development of an acquired Gerbode defect. Case description: A 64-year-old male patient presented with symptoms of fever and dyspnoea and was diagnosed with group B Streptococcal bacteraemia. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE) and cardiac magnetic resonance were used to assess the extent of valvular involvement and detect any underlying structural abnormalities. Comprehensive clinical, microbiological and imaging evaluations were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Discussion: A transthoracic echocardiography revealed multivalvular vegetations and a newly detected left ventricle-to-right atrium shunt, consistent with a Gerbode defect. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the acquired defect. Surgery was considered but deemed too high a risk due to the likelihood of postoperative dialysis and a greater than 50% mortality risk. After discussing these risks, the patient and family opted for conservative management, and palliative care was initiated. Conclusion: This case highlights the rare development of an acquired Gerbode defect in the context of multivalvular infective endocarditis due to group B Streptococcus. Early diagnosis using advanced imaging techniques is critical for proper management. Surgical intervention remains a key therapeutic option, and a multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimising patient outcomes in such complex cases.https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5357gerbode defectgroup b streptococcusinfective endocarditis
spellingShingle Elizabeth R. Rimsky
Aysan Sattarzadeh
Kaiyu Jia
Shahkar Khan
Danyal Khan
Martin Amor
Jonathan Spagnola
When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
European Journal of Case Reports in Internal Medicine
gerbode defect
group b streptococcus
infective endocarditis
title When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
title_full When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
title_fullStr When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
title_full_unstemmed When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
title_short When two chambers collide: a rare case of an acquired Gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
title_sort when two chambers collide a rare case of an acquired gerbode defect in infective endocarditis
topic gerbode defect
group b streptococcus
infective endocarditis
url https://www.ejcrim.com/index.php/EJCRIM/article/view/5357
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