Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review
IntroductionNeonatal sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to bloodstream infection causing serious disease and death. Our review seeks to integrate the knowledge gained from studies of multiple molecular methods- such as genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and the gut microbiome- in the set...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1625449/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849225273807994880 |
|---|---|
| author | Catherine Y. Lee Sidney E. Zven Shreyas A. Sathya Danielle Abukhalaf Sneha Sahoo Pratyusha Samal Stephanie M. Prescott |
| author_facet | Catherine Y. Lee Sidney E. Zven Shreyas A. Sathya Danielle Abukhalaf Sneha Sahoo Pratyusha Samal Stephanie M. Prescott |
| author_sort | Catherine Y. Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionNeonatal sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to bloodstream infection causing serious disease and death. Our review seeks to integrate the knowledge gained from studies of multiple molecular methods- such as genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and the gut microbiome- in the setting of neonatal sepsis that may improve the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of the disease. Sepsis claims over 200,000 lives annually worldwide and remains a top 10 cause of infant mortality in the US. Diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis remains a challenge as its mechanisms are poorly understood.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of literature published between 2018 and 2024. Of 1,043 articles screened, 30 were included in the final review.ResultsThe gut microbiome is associated with both pathogenicity and protection in the setting of neonatal sepsis, while expression levels of immune response and regulation help classify neonatal response to septic events. Metabolomic studies reveal possible biomarkers to detect, classify, and predict neonatal sepsis morbidity and mortality, and proteomic studies confirm mechanisms predicted by the other models.DiscussionStudies using molecular methods foster greater understanding of neonatal sepsis and show promise to improve diagnosis, classification, and therapeutic intervention. Future research using multi-omic analyses may further elucidate the development and progression of inflammatory processes that occur as sepsis progresses. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a6db229b1bff4b1484a571b3191aadf0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-a6db229b1bff4b1484a571b3191aadf02025-08-25T05:26:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602025-08-011310.3389/fped.2025.16254491625449Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping reviewCatherine Y. Lee0Sidney E. Zven1Shreyas A. Sathya2Danielle Abukhalaf3Sneha Sahoo4Pratyusha Samal5Stephanie M. Prescott6Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesDepartment of Pediatrics, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Specialized Services University School of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United StatesCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesDepartment of Nursing, University of South Florida College of Nursing, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesDepartment of Neonatal Research, Inova Health Services, Falls Church, VA, United StatesIntroductionNeonatal sepsis is a dysregulated immune response to bloodstream infection causing serious disease and death. Our review seeks to integrate the knowledge gained from studies of multiple molecular methods- such as genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and the gut microbiome- in the setting of neonatal sepsis that may improve the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of the disease. Sepsis claims over 200,000 lives annually worldwide and remains a top 10 cause of infant mortality in the US. Diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis remains a challenge as its mechanisms are poorly understood.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of literature published between 2018 and 2024. Of 1,043 articles screened, 30 were included in the final review.ResultsThe gut microbiome is associated with both pathogenicity and protection in the setting of neonatal sepsis, while expression levels of immune response and regulation help classify neonatal response to septic events. Metabolomic studies reveal possible biomarkers to detect, classify, and predict neonatal sepsis morbidity and mortality, and proteomic studies confirm mechanisms predicted by the other models.DiscussionStudies using molecular methods foster greater understanding of neonatal sepsis and show promise to improve diagnosis, classification, and therapeutic intervention. Future research using multi-omic analyses may further elucidate the development and progression of inflammatory processes that occur as sepsis progresses.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1625449/fullgenomicsmetabolomicstranscriptomicsmicrobiomemultiomicneonatal sepsis |
| spellingShingle | Catherine Y. Lee Sidney E. Zven Shreyas A. Sathya Danielle Abukhalaf Sneha Sahoo Pratyusha Samal Stephanie M. Prescott Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review Frontiers in Pediatrics genomics metabolomics transcriptomics microbiome multiomic neonatal sepsis |
| title | Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review |
| title_full | Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review |
| title_fullStr | Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review |
| title_short | Using molecular methods to diagnose, classify, and treat neonatal sepsis: a scoping review |
| title_sort | using molecular methods to diagnose classify and treat neonatal sepsis a scoping review |
| topic | genomics metabolomics transcriptomics microbiome multiomic neonatal sepsis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1625449/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT catherineylee usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview AT sidneyezven usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview AT shreyasasathya usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview AT danielleabukhalaf usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview AT snehasahoo usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview AT pratyushasamal usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview AT stephaniemprescott usingmolecularmethodstodiagnoseclassifyandtreatneonatalsepsisascopingreview |