A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX

Abstract To explore the relationship between DED and sleep disorders and examine the impact of DED’s duration on sleep disorders. This multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX database. We recruited participants with and without DED diagnosis from 2004 to 2023. Dry eye patien...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bing-Qi Wu, Hou-Ting Kuo, Alan Y. Hsu, Yi-Ching Shao, Ning-Yi Hsia, Chun-Ting Lai, Hsin Tseng, Chun-Chi Chiang, Chun-Ju Lin, Huan-Sheng Chen, Yu-Hsun Wang, Yi-Yu Tsai, Min-Yen Hsu, James Cheng-Chung Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-04-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97396-3
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849726702629945344
author Bing-Qi Wu
Hou-Ting Kuo
Alan Y. Hsu
Yi-Ching Shao
Ning-Yi Hsia
Chun-Ting Lai
Hsin Tseng
Chun-Chi Chiang
Chun-Ju Lin
Huan-Sheng Chen
Yu-Hsun Wang
Yi-Yu Tsai
Min-Yen Hsu
James Cheng-Chung Wei
author_facet Bing-Qi Wu
Hou-Ting Kuo
Alan Y. Hsu
Yi-Ching Shao
Ning-Yi Hsia
Chun-Ting Lai
Hsin Tseng
Chun-Chi Chiang
Chun-Ju Lin
Huan-Sheng Chen
Yu-Hsun Wang
Yi-Yu Tsai
Min-Yen Hsu
James Cheng-Chung Wei
author_sort Bing-Qi Wu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract To explore the relationship between DED and sleep disorders and examine the impact of DED’s duration on sleep disorders. This multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX database. We recruited participants with and without DED diagnosis from 2004 to 2023. Dry eye patients were propensity-matched to individuals from our non-DED cohort (1:1 ratio) based on variables such as age (every 5 year), sex, ethnicity, race, and relevant comorbidities. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to assess the impact of variables on sleep disorder risk, reporting hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were applied to estimate the cumulative incidence of sleep disorder. A total of 688,413 DED adult patients (64.91% female; mean age at index 56.96 ± 15.93) and 688,413 propensity-matched non-DED comparators (64.92% female; mean age at index 56.96 ± 15.93) were recruited. Our analysis showed an overall increased risk of uveitis among DED patients at 5-year time points (HR = 1.04) and all-year (19 years) follow-up durations (HR = 1.03). We observed a higher risk of sleep apnea in DED individuals irrespective of follow-up intervals. Further analyses revealed this increased risk specifically in those diagnosed with Sjögren syndrome (HR = 1.22). This study highlights the significant link between sleep disorders and DED, emphasizing the role of sleep apnea in DED patients. Aqueous-deficient DED has a more pronounced impact on sleep disturbances compared to evaporative DED, while the influence of DED on non-physiological insomnia may be overstated.
format Article
id doaj-art-a6bf8d63f7a743e6a34883c96002ea9f
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-a6bf8d63f7a743e6a34883c96002ea9f2025-08-20T03:10:06ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-97396-3A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetXBing-Qi Wu0Hou-Ting Kuo1Alan Y. Hsu2Yi-Ching Shao3Ning-Yi Hsia4Chun-Ting Lai5Hsin Tseng6Chun-Chi Chiang7Chun-Ju Lin8Huan-Sheng Chen9Yu-Hsun Wang10Yi-Yu Tsai11Min-Yen Hsu12James Cheng-Chung Wei13Department of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityAn-Shin Dialysis Center, Excelsior Renal Service Co., Ltd. Taiwan BranchDepartment of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University HospitalDepartment of Ophthalmology, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityDepartment of Ophthalmology, Chung Shan Medical University HospitalDepartment of Allergy, Immunology & Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University HospitalAbstract To explore the relationship between DED and sleep disorders and examine the impact of DED’s duration on sleep disorders. This multi-institutional, retrospective cohort study used the TriNetX database. We recruited participants with and without DED diagnosis from 2004 to 2023. Dry eye patients were propensity-matched to individuals from our non-DED cohort (1:1 ratio) based on variables such as age (every 5 year), sex, ethnicity, race, and relevant comorbidities. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was utilized to assess the impact of variables on sleep disorder risk, reporting hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and log-rank tests were applied to estimate the cumulative incidence of sleep disorder. A total of 688,413 DED adult patients (64.91% female; mean age at index 56.96 ± 15.93) and 688,413 propensity-matched non-DED comparators (64.92% female; mean age at index 56.96 ± 15.93) were recruited. Our analysis showed an overall increased risk of uveitis among DED patients at 5-year time points (HR = 1.04) and all-year (19 years) follow-up durations (HR = 1.03). We observed a higher risk of sleep apnea in DED individuals irrespective of follow-up intervals. Further analyses revealed this increased risk specifically in those diagnosed with Sjögren syndrome (HR = 1.22). This study highlights the significant link between sleep disorders and DED, emphasizing the role of sleep apnea in DED patients. Aqueous-deficient DED has a more pronounced impact on sleep disturbances compared to evaporative DED, while the influence of DED on non-physiological insomnia may be overstated.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97396-3TriNetXDry eye diseaseSleep disordersSleep apneaRetrospectivePropensity score matched
spellingShingle Bing-Qi Wu
Hou-Ting Kuo
Alan Y. Hsu
Yi-Ching Shao
Ning-Yi Hsia
Chun-Ting Lai
Hsin Tseng
Chun-Chi Chiang
Chun-Ju Lin
Huan-Sheng Chen
Yu-Hsun Wang
Yi-Yu Tsai
Min-Yen Hsu
James Cheng-Chung Wei
A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX
Scientific Reports
TriNetX
Dry eye disease
Sleep disorders
Sleep apnea
Retrospective
Propensity score matched
title A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX
title_full A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX
title_fullStr A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX
title_full_unstemmed A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX
title_short A multi-institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using TriNetX
title_sort multi institutional cohort study on risk of sleep disorders in dry eyes patients using trinetx
topic TriNetX
Dry eye disease
Sleep disorders
Sleep apnea
Retrospective
Propensity score matched
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-97396-3
work_keys_str_mv AT bingqiwu amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT houtingkuo amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT alanyhsu amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT yichingshao amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT ningyihsia amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT chuntinglai amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT hsintseng amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT chunchichiang amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT chunjulin amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT huanshengchen amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT yuhsunwang amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT yiyutsai amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT minyenhsu amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT jameschengchungwei amultiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT bingqiwu multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT houtingkuo multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT alanyhsu multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT yichingshao multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT ningyihsia multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT chuntinglai multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT hsintseng multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT chunchichiang multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT chunjulin multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT huanshengchen multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT yuhsunwang multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT yiyutsai multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT minyenhsu multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx
AT jameschengchungwei multiinstitutionalcohortstudyonriskofsleepdisordersindryeyespatientsusingtrinetx