In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes
Piper is widely distributed in subtropical regions and species of this genus are known for their potent pharmacological activities. Piper arboreum Aubl. is a traditional medicinal plant popularly known as "pau-de-angola", "jaborandi", and chili pepper, demonstrating antifungal,...
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Bektas Tepe
2024-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals |
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| Online Access: | https://ijpbp.com/index.php/ijpbp/article/view/202 |
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| author | Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez Eliana Harue Endo Regina Yasuko Makimori Mariza Barion Romagnolo César Armando Contreras Lancheros Marcia Regina Pereira Cabral Maria Helena Sarragiotto Celso Vataru Nakamura Tânia Ueda Nakamura Ludmila Pini Simões Benedito Prado Dias Filho |
| author_facet | Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez Eliana Harue Endo Regina Yasuko Makimori Mariza Barion Romagnolo César Armando Contreras Lancheros Marcia Regina Pereira Cabral Maria Helena Sarragiotto Celso Vataru Nakamura Tânia Ueda Nakamura Ludmila Pini Simões Benedito Prado Dias Filho |
| author_sort | Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Piper is widely distributed in subtropical regions and species of this genus are known for their potent pharmacological activities. Piper arboreum Aubl. is a traditional medicinal plant popularly known as "pau-de-angola", "jaborandi", and chili pepper, demonstrating antifungal, trypanocidal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. The leaves of P. arboreum were extracted using Soxhlet and dichloromethane to obtain the extract, which was then fractionated using solvents of different polarities. Samples were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization source. Antifungal microdilution assays were performed, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to assess the invasion of the pretreated nail. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the extract and a dichloromethane fraction were, respectively, 62.5 μg/ml and 16.0 μg/ml against Trichophyton rubrum, and 125 μg/ml and 62.5 μg/ml, and 500 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml against T. mentagrophytes, and Microsporum gypseum, respectively. No growth was observed on nail fragments exposed to the extract (at concentrations > 64 µg/ml and then inoculated with spore suspension. Transmission electron microscopy revealed strong inhibition of hyphal growth and an irregular growth pattern following treatment with the extract and the dichloromethane fraction. Results demonstrated the antifungal properties of the P. arboreum extract and its dichloromethane fraction against dermatophytes, with the identification of three different alkaloid compounds. The cytotoxicity was specific towards the fungal cells, and morphological and ultrastructural analyses indicated damage to the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane as the potential mechanism of action. The leaf material used to generate the extract can be taken from the plant without any detrimental effect thus enabling strategies to be implemented for the exploitation of this species.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a68f4cdac2724d25ad619cd123bcf019 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2791-7509 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
| publisher | Bektas Tepe |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals |
| spelling | doaj-art-a68f4cdac2724d25ad619cd123bcf0192025-08-20T02:11:29ZengBektas TepeInternational Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals2791-75092024-10-014210.62313/ijpbp.2024.202In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytesFabiana Brusco Lorenzetti0Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez1Eliana Harue Endo2Regina Yasuko Makimori3Mariza Barion Romagnolo4César Armando Contreras Lancheros5Marcia Regina Pereira Cabral6Maria Helena Sarragiotto7Celso Vataru Nakamura8Tânia Ueda Nakamura9 Ludmila Pini Simões10Benedito Prado Dias Filho11State University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Laboratory of Vegetation Ripária / Nupelia, Plant Systematics/Department of Biology, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Chemistry Department, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, BrazilState University of Maringá (UEM), Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maringá, Brazil Piper is widely distributed in subtropical regions and species of this genus are known for their potent pharmacological activities. Piper arboreum Aubl. is a traditional medicinal plant popularly known as "pau-de-angola", "jaborandi", and chili pepper, demonstrating antifungal, trypanocidal, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. The leaves of P. arboreum were extracted using Soxhlet and dichloromethane to obtain the extract, which was then fractionated using solvents of different polarities. Samples were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization source. Antifungal microdilution assays were performed, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to assess the invasion of the pretreated nail. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the extract and a dichloromethane fraction were, respectively, 62.5 μg/ml and 16.0 μg/ml against Trichophyton rubrum, and 125 μg/ml and 62.5 μg/ml, and 500 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml against T. mentagrophytes, and Microsporum gypseum, respectively. No growth was observed on nail fragments exposed to the extract (at concentrations > 64 µg/ml and then inoculated with spore suspension. Transmission electron microscopy revealed strong inhibition of hyphal growth and an irregular growth pattern following treatment with the extract and the dichloromethane fraction. Results demonstrated the antifungal properties of the P. arboreum extract and its dichloromethane fraction against dermatophytes, with the identification of three different alkaloid compounds. The cytotoxicity was specific towards the fungal cells, and morphological and ultrastructural analyses indicated damage to the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane as the potential mechanism of action. The leaf material used to generate the extract can be taken from the plant without any detrimental effect thus enabling strategies to be implemented for the exploitation of this species. https://ijpbp.com/index.php/ijpbp/article/view/202Piper arboreumDermatophytesAntifungal activityAlkaloids |
| spellingShingle | Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez Eliana Harue Endo Regina Yasuko Makimori Mariza Barion Romagnolo César Armando Contreras Lancheros Marcia Regina Pereira Cabral Maria Helena Sarragiotto Celso Vataru Nakamura Tânia Ueda Nakamura Ludmila Pini Simões Benedito Prado Dias Filho In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes International Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals Piper arboreum Dermatophytes Antifungal activity Alkaloids |
| title | In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes |
| title_full | In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes |
| title_fullStr | In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes |
| title_full_unstemmed | In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes |
| title_short | In vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from Piper arboreum against dermatophytes |
| title_sort | in vitro antifungal activity of extracts and alkaloid compounds from piper arboreum against dermatophytes |
| topic | Piper arboreum Dermatophytes Antifungal activity Alkaloids |
| url | https://ijpbp.com/index.php/ijpbp/article/view/202 |
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