Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation

Introduction: Obstetric violence has been the subject of debate among health professionals and in the media.   Objective: Develop and validate an instrument to measure women's obstetric violence perception of labor and delivery experience. Methods: Based on the recommendations of the WHO,...

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Main Authors: Márcio Tavares, Pedro Alexandre-Sousa, Sílvia Carvalho, Susana Loureiro, José Mendes
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Instituto Politécnico de Viseu 2025-02-01
Series:Millenium
Subjects:
Online Access:https://revistas.rcaap.pt/millenium/article/view/38806
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author Márcio Tavares
Pedro Alexandre-Sousa
Sílvia Carvalho
Susana Loureiro
José Mendes
author_facet Márcio Tavares
Pedro Alexandre-Sousa
Sílvia Carvalho
Susana Loureiro
José Mendes
author_sort Márcio Tavares
collection DOAJ
description Introduction: Obstetric violence has been the subject of debate among health professionals and in the media.   Objective: Develop and validate an instrument to measure women's obstetric violence perception of labor and delivery experience. Methods: Based on the recommendations of the WHO, a scale composed of 38 statements was elaborated. The evaluation of the metric properties of the developed scale was carried out through an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis involving 615 women. Results: The final version of the scale, composed of 10 items, presented adequate adjustment indexes. The best quality model is composed of two dimensions (emotional and physical) (X2(34) = 150.946; p < 0.001, X2df = 4.440; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.88; GFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.07, p <0.001). The results revealed that the scale presents adequate internal consistency, in which the evaluation of exploratory factor validity verifies a good correlation between the variables. After analyzing the invariance of the type of calving, there was no metric invariance; however, the scalar invariance is sustainable. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the scale is adequate to assess the perception of obstetric violence in the experience of labor and delivery.
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language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
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spelling doaj-art-a688567cb0f2483aabe89473ea378c502025-08-20T03:12:42ZengInstituto Politécnico de ViseuMillenium0873-30151647-662X2025-02-012610.29352/mill0226.38806Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation Márcio Tavares0Pedro Alexandre-Sousa1Sílvia Carvalho2Susana Loureiro3José Mendes4Universidade dos Açores, Açores, PortugalCenter for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Leiria, PortugalUniversidade dos Açores, Açores, PortugalHospital de Santo Espírito da Ilha Terceira, Açores, PortugalInsight: Piaget Research Center for Ecological Human Development, Almada, Portugal Introduction: Obstetric violence has been the subject of debate among health professionals and in the media.   Objective: Develop and validate an instrument to measure women's obstetric violence perception of labor and delivery experience. Methods: Based on the recommendations of the WHO, a scale composed of 38 statements was elaborated. The evaluation of the metric properties of the developed scale was carried out through an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis involving 615 women. Results: The final version of the scale, composed of 10 items, presented adequate adjustment indexes. The best quality model is composed of two dimensions (emotional and physical) (X2(34) = 150.946; p < 0.001, X2df = 4.440; CFI = 0.93; TLI = 0.88; GFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.07, p <0.001). The results revealed that the scale presents adequate internal consistency, in which the evaluation of exploratory factor validity verifies a good correlation between the variables. After analyzing the invariance of the type of calving, there was no metric invariance; however, the scalar invariance is sustainable. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that the scale is adequate to assess the perception of obstetric violence in the experience of labor and delivery. https://revistas.rcaap.pt/millenium/article/view/38806experience; labor, obstetric; violence; women; psychometrics
spellingShingle Márcio Tavares
Pedro Alexandre-Sousa
Sílvia Carvalho
Susana Loureiro
José Mendes
Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation
Millenium
experience; labor, obstetric; violence; women; psychometrics
title Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation
title_full Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation
title_fullStr Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation
title_full_unstemmed Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation
title_short Obstetric violence assessment scale: development and validation
title_sort obstetric violence assessment scale development and validation
topic experience; labor, obstetric; violence; women; psychometrics
url https://revistas.rcaap.pt/millenium/article/view/38806
work_keys_str_mv AT marciotavares obstetricviolenceassessmentscaledevelopmentandvalidation
AT pedroalexandresousa obstetricviolenceassessmentscaledevelopmentandvalidation
AT silviacarvalho obstetricviolenceassessmentscaledevelopmentandvalidation
AT susanaloureiro obstetricviolenceassessmentscaledevelopmentandvalidation
AT josemendes obstetricviolenceassessmentscaledevelopmentandvalidation