Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons
Abstract Wave‐particle interactions are essential for energy transport in the magnetosphere. In this study, we investigated an event during which electrons interact simultaneously with waves in different scales, using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. At the macroscale (∼105 km), drif...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115095 |
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| author | Xing‐Yu Li Qiu‐Gang Zong Shan Wang Xu‐Zhi Zhou Chao Yue Li Li Zhi‐Yang Liu Yong‐Fu Wang Ze‐Fan Yin Yi‐Xin Sun Yi‐Xin Hao Craig Pollock Christopher T. Russell Robert E. Ergun Per‐Arne Lindqvist |
| author_facet | Xing‐Yu Li Qiu‐Gang Zong Shan Wang Xu‐Zhi Zhou Chao Yue Li Li Zhi‐Yang Liu Yong‐Fu Wang Ze‐Fan Yin Yi‐Xin Sun Yi‐Xin Hao Craig Pollock Christopher T. Russell Robert E. Ergun Per‐Arne Lindqvist |
| author_sort | Xing‐Yu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Wave‐particle interactions are essential for energy transport in the magnetosphere. In this study, we investigated an event during which electrons interact simultaneously with waves in different scales, using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. At the macroscale (∼105 km), drift resonance between ultra‐low frequency (ULF) waves and 70–300 keV electrons is observed. At the microscale (∼100−101 km), lower‐band chorus waves and electron cyclotron harmonic (ECH) waves are alternately generated, showing signatures of modulation by ULF waves. We found that compressional ULF waves affect the temperature anisotropy of 1–10 keV electrons, thereby periodically exciting chorus waves. Through linear instability analysis, we propose that ULF waves modulate ECH wave emissions by regulating the gradient of electron phase space density at the edge of the loss cone. Our results enhance the understanding of cross‐scale wave‐particle interactions, highlighting their importance in magnetospheric dynamics. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a66773577aa54723ba6bc48f03ecc7d0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-a66773577aa54723ba6bc48f03ecc7d02025-08-20T03:26:38ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-05-015210n/an/a10.1029/2025GL115095Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and ElectronsXing‐Yu Li0Qiu‐Gang Zong1Shan Wang2Xu‐Zhi Zhou3Chao Yue4Li Li5Zhi‐Yang Liu6Yong‐Fu Wang7Ze‐Fan Yin8Yi‐Xin Sun9Yi‐Xin Hao10Craig Pollock11Christopher T. Russell12Robert E. Ergun13Per‐Arne Lindqvist14Institute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaChina University of Geosciences (Beijing) Beijing ChinaInstitut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie CNES‐CNRS‐Universite Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse FranceInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaInstitute of Space Physics and Applied Technology Peking University Beijing ChinaMax Planck Institute for Solar System Research Göttingen GermanyDenali Scientific Fairbanks AK USADepartment of Earth and Space Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA USADepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USADepartment of Space and Plasma Physics KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm SwedenAbstract Wave‐particle interactions are essential for energy transport in the magnetosphere. In this study, we investigated an event during which electrons interact simultaneously with waves in different scales, using data from the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission. At the macroscale (∼105 km), drift resonance between ultra‐low frequency (ULF) waves and 70–300 keV electrons is observed. At the microscale (∼100−101 km), lower‐band chorus waves and electron cyclotron harmonic (ECH) waves are alternately generated, showing signatures of modulation by ULF waves. We found that compressional ULF waves affect the temperature anisotropy of 1–10 keV electrons, thereby periodically exciting chorus waves. Through linear instability analysis, we propose that ULF waves modulate ECH wave emissions by regulating the gradient of electron phase space density at the edge of the loss cone. Our results enhance the understanding of cross‐scale wave‐particle interactions, highlighting their importance in magnetospheric dynamics.https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115095wave‐particle interactionultra‐low frequency wavechorus waveelectron cyclotron harmonic wavedrift resonanceelectron acceleration |
| spellingShingle | Xing‐Yu Li Qiu‐Gang Zong Shan Wang Xu‐Zhi Zhou Chao Yue Li Li Zhi‐Yang Liu Yong‐Fu Wang Ze‐Fan Yin Yi‐Xin Sun Yi‐Xin Hao Craig Pollock Christopher T. Russell Robert E. Ergun Per‐Arne Lindqvist Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons Geophysical Research Letters wave‐particle interaction ultra‐low frequency wave chorus wave electron cyclotron harmonic wave drift resonance electron acceleration |
| title | Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons |
| title_full | Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons |
| title_fullStr | Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons |
| title_short | Cross‐Scale Interactions Between ULF Waves, VLF Waves, and Electrons |
| title_sort | cross scale interactions between ulf waves vlf waves and electrons |
| topic | wave‐particle interaction ultra‐low frequency wave chorus wave electron cyclotron harmonic wave drift resonance electron acceleration |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115095 |
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