Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

CD8+ T cells, a subset of T cells identified by the surface glycoprotein CD8, particularly those expressing the co‐stimulatory molecule CD226, play a crucial role in the immune response to malignancies. However, their role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), an immunosuppressive disease, has not...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maryam Rezaeifar, Shima Shahbaz, Anthea C. Peters, Spencer B. Gibson, Shokrollah Elahi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-05-01
Series:Molecular Oncology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.13793
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850031642499874816
author Maryam Rezaeifar
Shima Shahbaz
Anthea C. Peters
Spencer B. Gibson
Shokrollah Elahi
author_facet Maryam Rezaeifar
Shima Shahbaz
Anthea C. Peters
Spencer B. Gibson
Shokrollah Elahi
author_sort Maryam Rezaeifar
collection DOAJ
description CD8+ T cells, a subset of T cells identified by the surface glycoprotein CD8, particularly those expressing the co‐stimulatory molecule CD226, play a crucial role in the immune response to malignancies. However, their role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), an immunosuppressive disease, has not yet been explored. We studied 64 CLL patients and 25 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs). We analyzed the proportion of CD226‐expressing cells among different CD8+ T cell subsets (including naïve, central memory, effector memory, and effectors) in CLL patients, stratified by Rai stage and immunoglobulin heavy‐chain variable region gene (IgHV) mutation status. Additionally, we compared the effector functions of CD8+CD226+ cells and their CD226− counterparts. We also quantified cytokine and chemokine levels in the plasma of CLL and HCs. Furthermore, we reanalyzed the publicly available bulk RNA‐seq on CD226+ and CD226−CD8+ T cells. Finally, we evaluated the impact of elevated cytokines/chemokines on CD226 expression. Our results showed that CD226‐expressing cells were significantly decreased within the effector memory and effector CD8+ T cell subsets in CLL patients with advanced Rai stages and unmutated IgHV, a marker of poor prognosis. These cells displayed robust effector functions, including cytokine production, cytolytic activity, degranulation, proliferation, and migration capacity. In contrast, CD8+CD226− T cells displayed an exhausted phenotype with reduced Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression. Elevated levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and macrophage inflammatory protein‐1 beta (MIP‐1β) were inversely correlated with the frequency of CD8+CD226+ T cells and may contribute to the downregulation of CD226, possibly leading to T cell dysfunction in CLL. Our findings highlight the critical role of CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi T cells in CLL and suggest that their reduction is associated with disease progression and poor clinical outcomes. This study also underscores the potential of targeting IL‐6 and MIP‐1β to preserve polyfunctional CD8+CD226+ T cells as a promising immunotherapy strategy.
format Article
id doaj-art-a6565ed0d7e149b78bb9cff34dda5ad1
institution DOAJ
issn 1574-7891
1878-0261
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Molecular Oncology
spelling doaj-art-a6565ed0d7e149b78bb9cff34dda5ad12025-08-20T02:58:55ZengWileyMolecular Oncology1574-78911878-02612025-05-011951347137010.1002/1878-0261.13793Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemiaMaryam Rezaeifar0Shima Shahbaz1Anthea C. Peters2Spencer B. Gibson3Shokrollah Elahi4Division of Foundational Sciences, Mike Petryk School of Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton CanadaDivision of Foundational Sciences, Mike Petryk School of Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology University of Alberta Edmonton CanadaDivision of Foundational Sciences, Mike Petryk School of Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton CanadaCD8+ T cells, a subset of T cells identified by the surface glycoprotein CD8, particularly those expressing the co‐stimulatory molecule CD226, play a crucial role in the immune response to malignancies. However, their role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), an immunosuppressive disease, has not yet been explored. We studied 64 CLL patients and 25 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (HCs). We analyzed the proportion of CD226‐expressing cells among different CD8+ T cell subsets (including naïve, central memory, effector memory, and effectors) in CLL patients, stratified by Rai stage and immunoglobulin heavy‐chain variable region gene (IgHV) mutation status. Additionally, we compared the effector functions of CD8+CD226+ cells and their CD226− counterparts. We also quantified cytokine and chemokine levels in the plasma of CLL and HCs. Furthermore, we reanalyzed the publicly available bulk RNA‐seq on CD226+ and CD226−CD8+ T cells. Finally, we evaluated the impact of elevated cytokines/chemokines on CD226 expression. Our results showed that CD226‐expressing cells were significantly decreased within the effector memory and effector CD8+ T cell subsets in CLL patients with advanced Rai stages and unmutated IgHV, a marker of poor prognosis. These cells displayed robust effector functions, including cytokine production, cytolytic activity, degranulation, proliferation, and migration capacity. In contrast, CD8+CD226− T cells displayed an exhausted phenotype with reduced Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression. Elevated levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and macrophage inflammatory protein‐1 beta (MIP‐1β) were inversely correlated with the frequency of CD8+CD226+ T cells and may contribute to the downregulation of CD226, possibly leading to T cell dysfunction in CLL. Our findings highlight the critical role of CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi T cells in CLL and suggest that their reduction is associated with disease progression and poor clinical outcomes. This study also underscores the potential of targeting IL‐6 and MIP‐1β to preserve polyfunctional CD8+CD226+ T cells as a promising immunotherapy strategy.https://doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.13793CD29+ T cellco‐inhibitory receptorsIL‐6 and MIP‐1βNK‐T cell‐like
spellingShingle Maryam Rezaeifar
Shima Shahbaz
Anthea C. Peters
Spencer B. Gibson
Shokrollah Elahi
Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Molecular Oncology
CD29+ T cell
co‐inhibitory receptors
IL‐6 and MIP‐1β
NK‐T cell‐like
title Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
title_full Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
title_fullStr Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
title_full_unstemmed Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
title_short Polyfunctional CD8+CD226+RUNX2hi effector T cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
title_sort polyfunctional cd8 cd226 runx2hi effector t cells are diminished in advanced stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
topic CD29+ T cell
co‐inhibitory receptors
IL‐6 and MIP‐1β
NK‐T cell‐like
url https://doi.org/10.1002/1878-0261.13793
work_keys_str_mv AT maryamrezaeifar polyfunctionalcd8cd226runx2hieffectortcellsarediminishedinadvancedstagesofchroniclymphocyticleukemia
AT shimashahbaz polyfunctionalcd8cd226runx2hieffectortcellsarediminishedinadvancedstagesofchroniclymphocyticleukemia
AT antheacpeters polyfunctionalcd8cd226runx2hieffectortcellsarediminishedinadvancedstagesofchroniclymphocyticleukemia
AT spencerbgibson polyfunctionalcd8cd226runx2hieffectortcellsarediminishedinadvancedstagesofchroniclymphocyticleukemia
AT shokrollahelahi polyfunctionalcd8cd226runx2hieffectortcellsarediminishedinadvancedstagesofchroniclymphocyticleukemia