Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production

Fungal leaf spot pathogens of cucurbits cause significant yield losses. They cause extensive leaf necroses and defoliation, reducing host photosynthesis. They increase risks of fruit sunscald, and can cause substantial crop damage. Alternaria cucumerina has been recognized as the causal agent of lea...

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Main Authors: Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO, Verëlindë BOGAJ, Viktor PAPP, Gábor BALÁZS, David PAPP
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Firenze University Press 2025-05-01
Series:Phytopathologia Mediterranea
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Online Access:https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/15955
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author Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO
Verëlindë BOGAJ
Viktor PAPP
Gábor BALÁZS
David PAPP
author_facet Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO
Verëlindë BOGAJ
Viktor PAPP
Gábor BALÁZS
David PAPP
author_sort Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO
collection DOAJ
description Fungal leaf spot pathogens of cucurbits cause significant yield losses. They cause extensive leaf necroses and defoliation, reducing host photosynthesis. They increase risks of fruit sunscald, and can cause substantial crop damage. Alternaria cucumerina has been recognized as the causal agent of leaf spot disease of cucurbits, and recent studies have identified other Alternaria species, and other emerging pathogens such as Curvularia. This study characterized 25 isolates obtained from infected watermelon and cucumber leaves from Hungary, Spain, and Kosovo. Morphological characterization and molecular analyses using TEF1-α, HIS3, and ITS gene regions identified Alternaria alternata and A. arborescens, and for the first time on this host, the genus Curvularia. Detached leaf assays of ten isolates on 73 watermelon accessions showed variation in isolate pathogenicity. The tested Curvularia isolate was the most aggressive, followed by the A. arborescens  and A. alternata isolates, although A. alternata was the most frequently identified  species. These results highlight the potential for emerging fungal pathogens causing cucurbit leaf spot, such as Curvularia sp., and show that these fungi can cause damage on economically important plants. This study also showed differing resistance within the watermelon collection, indicating potential for the plant introduction (PI) accessions as sources of resistance breeding.
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publisher Firenze University Press
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spelling doaj-art-a64e1c53e2ee4c9f8aae2115957a8e652025-08-20T03:21:31ZengFirenze University PressPhytopathologia Mediterranea0031-94651593-20952025-05-0164110.36253/phyto-15955Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit productionCristina PAREDES-MACHADO0Verëlindë BOGAJ1Viktor PAPP2Gábor BALÁZS3David PAPP4Department of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Botany, Institute of Agronomy, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, H-1118 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Vegetable and Mushroom Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Fruit Growing, Institute of Horticulture, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 2100 Budapest, HungaryFungal leaf spot pathogens of cucurbits cause significant yield losses. They cause extensive leaf necroses and defoliation, reducing host photosynthesis. They increase risks of fruit sunscald, and can cause substantial crop damage. Alternaria cucumerina has been recognized as the causal agent of leaf spot disease of cucurbits, and recent studies have identified other Alternaria species, and other emerging pathogens such as Curvularia. This study characterized 25 isolates obtained from infected watermelon and cucumber leaves from Hungary, Spain, and Kosovo. Morphological characterization and molecular analyses using TEF1-α, HIS3, and ITS gene regions identified Alternaria alternata and A. arborescens, and for the first time on this host, the genus Curvularia. Detached leaf assays of ten isolates on 73 watermelon accessions showed variation in isolate pathogenicity. The tested Curvularia isolate was the most aggressive, followed by the A. arborescens  and A. alternata isolates, although A. alternata was the most frequently identified  species. These results highlight the potential for emerging fungal pathogens causing cucurbit leaf spot, such as Curvularia sp., and show that these fungi can cause damage on economically important plants. This study also showed differing resistance within the watermelon collection, indicating potential for the plant introduction (PI) accessions as sources of resistance breeding. https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/15955 Alternaria alternataAlternaria arborescensbar codingleaf spotCitrullus spp.
spellingShingle Cristina PAREDES-MACHADO
Verëlindë BOGAJ
Viktor PAPP
Gábor BALÁZS
David PAPP
Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
Phytopathologia Mediterranea
Alternaria alternata
Alternaria arborescens
bar coding
leaf spot
Citrullus spp.
title Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
title_full Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
title_fullStr Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
title_full_unstemmed Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
title_short Alternaria and Curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon, and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
title_sort alternaria and curvularia leaf spot pathogens show high aggressivity on watermelon and are emerging pathogens in cucurbit production
topic Alternaria alternata
Alternaria arborescens
bar coding
leaf spot
Citrullus spp.
url https://oajournals.fupress.net/index.php/pm/article/view/15955
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