The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats
Abstract During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), local hypoxia on the compression side stimulates cellular remodelling of periodontal tissues. We investigated the effects of systemic, sustained hypoxia on OTM in vivo. OTM was performed on the right maxillary first molar (M1) of 8-week-old male Spra...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07949-9 |
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| author | Kwanrat Ploysongsang Yukiho Kobayashi Yeming Lu Yuki Niki Janeta Chavanavesh Keiji Moriyama |
| author_facet | Kwanrat Ploysongsang Yukiho Kobayashi Yeming Lu Yuki Niki Janeta Chavanavesh Keiji Moriyama |
| author_sort | Kwanrat Ploysongsang |
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| description | Abstract During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), local hypoxia on the compression side stimulates cellular remodelling of periodontal tissues. We investigated the effects of systemic, sustained hypoxia on OTM in vivo. OTM was performed on the right maxillary first molar (M1) of 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats using a 10-gf nickel-titanium closed-coil spring for 4 weeks under control (21% O2, n = 9) or hypoxic (10% O2, n = 9) conditions. Micro-computed tomography was used to measure OTM distances, alveolar bone morphometric parameters, and M1 buccal alveolar bone levels. Osteoclast differentiation and periodontal ligament (PDL) cell proliferation were determined using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in M1 periodontal tissues were analysed using immunofluorescence. The hypoxia-OTM group showed significantly accelerated tooth movement, significantly decreased M1 buccal alveolar bone levels, significantly greater numbers of TRAP-positive cells on the compression side, and significantly reduced Ki67-positive ratios in PDL tissues. The VEGF and RUNX2 fluorescence intensities on the tension side were higher in the control-OTM than in the hypoxia-OTM group. Our results demonstrate that systemic, sustained hypoxia affects OTM by altering osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation in vivo, resulting in reduced alveolar bone levels after OTM. |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-a647adbf9e2846d68b4e271b683aeaf92025-08-20T03:45:28ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111110.1038/s41598-025-07949-9The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in ratsKwanrat Ploysongsang0Yukiho Kobayashi1Yeming Lu2Yuki Niki3Janeta Chavanavesh4Keiji Moriyama5Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Division of Maxillofacial and Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoDepartment of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Division of Maxillofacial and Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoDepartment of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Division of Maxillofacial and Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoDepartment of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Division of Maxillofacial and Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoDepartment of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn UniversityDepartment of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Division of Maxillofacial and Neck Reconstruction, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science TokyoAbstract During orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), local hypoxia on the compression side stimulates cellular remodelling of periodontal tissues. We investigated the effects of systemic, sustained hypoxia on OTM in vivo. OTM was performed on the right maxillary first molar (M1) of 8-week-old male Sprague–Dawley rats using a 10-gf nickel-titanium closed-coil spring for 4 weeks under control (21% O2, n = 9) or hypoxic (10% O2, n = 9) conditions. Micro-computed tomography was used to measure OTM distances, alveolar bone morphometric parameters, and M1 buccal alveolar bone levels. Osteoclast differentiation and periodontal ligament (PDL) cell proliferation were determined using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in M1 periodontal tissues were analysed using immunofluorescence. The hypoxia-OTM group showed significantly accelerated tooth movement, significantly decreased M1 buccal alveolar bone levels, significantly greater numbers of TRAP-positive cells on the compression side, and significantly reduced Ki67-positive ratios in PDL tissues. The VEGF and RUNX2 fluorescence intensities on the tension side were higher in the control-OTM than in the hypoxia-OTM group. Our results demonstrate that systemic, sustained hypoxia affects OTM by altering osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation in vivo, resulting in reduced alveolar bone levels after OTM.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07949-9Orthodontic tooth movementHypoxiaPeriodontal ligamentOsteoblastOsteoclast |
| spellingShingle | Kwanrat Ploysongsang Yukiho Kobayashi Yeming Lu Yuki Niki Janeta Chavanavesh Keiji Moriyama The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats Scientific Reports Orthodontic tooth movement Hypoxia Periodontal ligament Osteoblast Osteoclast |
| title | The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats |
| title_full | The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats |
| title_fullStr | The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats |
| title_short | The effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats |
| title_sort | effects of systemic and sustained hypoxia on orthodontic tooth movement in rats |
| topic | Orthodontic tooth movement Hypoxia Periodontal ligament Osteoblast Osteoclast |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-07949-9 |
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