Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression
Background. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) response is generated following infection or immunization and plays an important role in the protection against a broad of viral infections. The role of nAb during clinical progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains little known. Methods. 123 C...
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Wiley
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Immunology Research |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9822706 |
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| author | Qing Lei Hongyan Hou Caizheng Yu Yandi Zhang Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou Xiaosong Lin Zongjie Yao Hui Fu Ziyong Sun Feng Wang Xionglin Fan |
| author_facet | Qing Lei Hongyan Hou Caizheng Yu Yandi Zhang Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou Xiaosong Lin Zongjie Yao Hui Fu Ziyong Sun Feng Wang Xionglin Fan |
| author_sort | Qing Lei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) response is generated following infection or immunization and plays an important role in the protection against a broad of viral infections. The role of nAb during clinical progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains little known. Methods. 123 COVID-19 patients during hospitalization in Tongji Hospital were involved in this retrospective study. The patients were grouped based on the severity and outcome. The nAb responses of 194 serum samples were collected from these patients within an investigation period of 60 days after the onset of symptoms and detected by a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay. The detail data about onset time, disease severity and laboratory biomarkers, treatment, and clinical outcome of these participants were obtained from electronic medical records. The relationship of longitudinal nAb changes with each clinical data was further assessed. Results. The nAb response in COVID-19 patients evidently experienced three consecutive stages, namely, rising, stationary, and declining periods. Patients with different severity and outcome showed differential dynamics of the nAb response over the course of disease. During the stationary phase (from 20 to 40 days after symptoms onset), all patients evolved nAb responses. In particular, high levels of nAb were elicited in severe and critical patients and older patients (≥60 years old). More importantly, critical but deceased COVID-19 patients showed high levels of several proinflammation cytokines, such as IL-2R, IL-8, and IL-6, and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in vivo, which resulted in lymphopenia, multiple organ failure, and the rapidly decreased nAb response. Conclusion. Our results indicate that nAb plays a crucial role in preventing the progression and deterioration of COVID-19, which has important implications for improving clinical management and developing effective interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a627ee8b4fcc46bd9dc201dcc6987935 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2314-8861 2314-7156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Immunology Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-a627ee8b4fcc46bd9dc201dcc69879352025-08-20T03:38:47ZengWileyJournal of Immunology Research2314-88612314-71562021-01-01202110.1155/2021/98227069822706Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 ProgressionQing Lei0Hongyan Hou1Caizheng Yu2Yandi Zhang3Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou4Xiaosong Lin5Zongjie Yao6Hui Fu7Ziyong Sun8Feng Wang9Xionglin Fan10Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Public Health, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, ChinaBackground. Neutralizing antibody (nAb) response is generated following infection or immunization and plays an important role in the protection against a broad of viral infections. The role of nAb during clinical progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains little known. Methods. 123 COVID-19 patients during hospitalization in Tongji Hospital were involved in this retrospective study. The patients were grouped based on the severity and outcome. The nAb responses of 194 serum samples were collected from these patients within an investigation period of 60 days after the onset of symptoms and detected by a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay. The detail data about onset time, disease severity and laboratory biomarkers, treatment, and clinical outcome of these participants were obtained from electronic medical records. The relationship of longitudinal nAb changes with each clinical data was further assessed. Results. The nAb response in COVID-19 patients evidently experienced three consecutive stages, namely, rising, stationary, and declining periods. Patients with different severity and outcome showed differential dynamics of the nAb response over the course of disease. During the stationary phase (from 20 to 40 days after symptoms onset), all patients evolved nAb responses. In particular, high levels of nAb were elicited in severe and critical patients and older patients (≥60 years old). More importantly, critical but deceased COVID-19 patients showed high levels of several proinflammation cytokines, such as IL-2R, IL-8, and IL-6, and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in vivo, which resulted in lymphopenia, multiple organ failure, and the rapidly decreased nAb response. Conclusion. Our results indicate that nAb plays a crucial role in preventing the progression and deterioration of COVID-19, which has important implications for improving clinical management and developing effective interventions.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9822706 |
| spellingShingle | Qing Lei Hongyan Hou Caizheng Yu Yandi Zhang Jo-Lewis Banga Ndzouboukou Xiaosong Lin Zongjie Yao Hui Fu Ziyong Sun Feng Wang Xionglin Fan Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression Journal of Immunology Research |
| title | Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression |
| title_full | Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression |
| title_fullStr | Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression |
| title_full_unstemmed | Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression |
| title_short | Kinetics of Neutralizing Antibody Response Underscores Clinical COVID-19 Progression |
| title_sort | kinetics of neutralizing antibody response underscores clinical covid 19 progression |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9822706 |
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