Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature
In literature, levamisole-induced immune manifestations were described mostly in association with its use in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, malignancies, and recently, in relation to the use of illicit cocaine contaminated with levamisole among adults. Even though levamisole has been proven to b...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
SAGE Publishing
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | Indian Journal of Rheumatology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2021;volume=16;issue=3;spage=353;epage=358;aulast=Kocheril |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832544145644716032 |
|---|---|
| author | Anu Punnen Kocheril T Sathish Kumar Dharshini Sathishkumar |
| author_facet | Anu Punnen Kocheril T Sathish Kumar Dharshini Sathishkumar |
| author_sort | Anu Punnen Kocheril |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In literature, levamisole-induced immune manifestations were described mostly in association with its use in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, malignancies, and recently, in relation to the use of illicit cocaine contaminated with levamisole among adults. Even though levamisole has been proven to be an inexpensive, safer, and effective drug with minimal side effects among children, it is not possible to undermine its potential side effects. The objective of this study was to describe levamisole-induced immune phenomenon and its manifestation in children. We describe two children with levamisole-induced immune phenomenon, leading to limb ischemia resulting in a gangrene and autoamputation of toes in the first child and an isolated microscopic hematuria in the second child along with a thorough review of available knowledge on this rare manifestation in children. Increased awareness of these rare but severe manifestations will remind clinicians to keep a high index of suspicion, its early recognizing, and withdrawal of offending drug before severe morbidity occurs in those children on levamisole. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a6232f87f835432e9fccecafe7338137 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0973-3698 0973-3701 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | SAGE Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Rheumatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-a6232f87f835432e9fccecafe73381372025-02-03T10:54:58ZengSAGE PublishingIndian Journal of Rheumatology0973-36980973-37012021-01-0116335335810.4103/injr.injr_353_20Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literatureAnu Punnen KocherilT Sathish KumarDharshini SathishkumarIn literature, levamisole-induced immune manifestations were described mostly in association with its use in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, malignancies, and recently, in relation to the use of illicit cocaine contaminated with levamisole among adults. Even though levamisole has been proven to be an inexpensive, safer, and effective drug with minimal side effects among children, it is not possible to undermine its potential side effects. The objective of this study was to describe levamisole-induced immune phenomenon and its manifestation in children. We describe two children with levamisole-induced immune phenomenon, leading to limb ischemia resulting in a gangrene and autoamputation of toes in the first child and an isolated microscopic hematuria in the second child along with a thorough review of available knowledge on this rare manifestation in children. Increased awareness of these rare but severe manifestations will remind clinicians to keep a high index of suspicion, its early recognizing, and withdrawal of offending drug before severe morbidity occurs in those children on levamisole.http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2021;volume=16;issue=3;spage=353;epage=358;aulast=Kocherilantineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitisdrug-induced vasculitislevamisole-induced vasculitisvasculopathy |
| spellingShingle | Anu Punnen Kocheril T Sathish Kumar Dharshini Sathishkumar Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature Indian Journal of Rheumatology antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis drug-induced vasculitis levamisole-induced vasculitis vasculopathy |
| title | Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature |
| title_full | Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature |
| title_fullStr | Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature |
| title_short | Levamisole-Induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children: Two case reports along with review of literature |
| title_sort | levamisole induced immune phenomenon and its various clinical manifestations in children two case reports along with review of literature |
| topic | antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis drug-induced vasculitis levamisole-induced vasculitis vasculopathy |
| url | http://www.indianjrheumatol.com/article.asp?issn=0973-3698;year=2021;volume=16;issue=3;spage=353;epage=358;aulast=Kocheril |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anupunnenkocheril levamisoleinducedimmunephenomenonanditsvariousclinicalmanifestationsinchildrentwocasereportsalongwithreviewofliterature AT tsathishkumar levamisoleinducedimmunephenomenonanditsvariousclinicalmanifestationsinchildrentwocasereportsalongwithreviewofliterature AT dharshinisathishkumar levamisoleinducedimmunephenomenonanditsvariousclinicalmanifestationsinchildrentwocasereportsalongwithreviewofliterature |