Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide
Four-wave mixing is a widely used nonlinear process for wavelength conversion, parametric amplification and signal regeneration in various Kerr devices, which enables wavelength-tunability and lower-power operation in compact optical systems. Here, we demonstrate low-power continuous-wave four-wave...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2025-04-01
|
| Series: | Nanophotonics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0659 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849314913907900416 |
|---|---|
| author | Choi Ju Won Sohn Byoung-Uk Chen George F.R. Gao Hongwei Mitchell William J. Ng Doris K.T. Tan Dawn T.H. |
| author_facet | Choi Ju Won Sohn Byoung-Uk Chen George F.R. Gao Hongwei Mitchell William J. Ng Doris K.T. Tan Dawn T.H. |
| author_sort | Choi Ju Won |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Four-wave mixing is a widely used nonlinear process for wavelength conversion, parametric amplification and signal regeneration in various Kerr devices, which enables wavelength-tunability and lower-power operation in compact optical systems. Here, we demonstrate low-power continuous-wave four-wave mixing in an ultra-silicon-rich nitride topological waveguide leveraging the strong confinement of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger topological structure and ultra-silicon-rich nitride platform’s high Kerr nonlinearity and negligible nonlinear loss. We experimentally observe continuous-wave four-wave mixing at an ultra-low pump power of 510 µW, and wavelength tunability of 54 nm with on/off conversion efficiency of −57 dB at a pump power of 3 mW. We further investigate the efficiency of the four-wave mixing process when disorder is introduced into the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger waveguide array resulting in ±80 % randomness in the coupling coefficients. It is experimentally shown that similar conversion efficiencies are achieved in the presence and absence of disorder, indicating robustness against potential fabrication errors. We expect that this work can be applied to develop compact, tunable wavelength conversion systems operating at very low power levels which are robust against certain types of disorder. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a61a27b3d504440ab060bcac8aa2a898 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-a61a27b3d504440ab060bcac8aa2a8982025-08-20T03:52:16ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86142025-04-011491333134410.1515/nanoph-2024-0659Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguideChoi Ju Won0Sohn Byoung-Uk1Chen George F.R.2Gao Hongwei3Mitchell William J.4Ng Doris K.T.5Tan Dawn T.H.6Photonics Devices and System Group, 233793Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore, 487372, SingaporePhotonics Devices and System Group, 233793Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore, 487372, SingaporePhotonics Devices and System Group, 233793Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore, 487372, SingaporePhotonics Devices and System Group, 233793Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore, 487372, SingaporeNanoFab Facility, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USAInstitute of Microelectronics (IME), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-02, Singapore, 138634, SingaporePhotonics Devices and System Group, 233793Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Rd, Singapore, 487372, SingaporeFour-wave mixing is a widely used nonlinear process for wavelength conversion, parametric amplification and signal regeneration in various Kerr devices, which enables wavelength-tunability and lower-power operation in compact optical systems. Here, we demonstrate low-power continuous-wave four-wave mixing in an ultra-silicon-rich nitride topological waveguide leveraging the strong confinement of the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger topological structure and ultra-silicon-rich nitride platform’s high Kerr nonlinearity and negligible nonlinear loss. We experimentally observe continuous-wave four-wave mixing at an ultra-low pump power of 510 µW, and wavelength tunability of 54 nm with on/off conversion efficiency of −57 dB at a pump power of 3 mW. We further investigate the efficiency of the four-wave mixing process when disorder is introduced into the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger waveguide array resulting in ±80 % randomness in the coupling coefficients. It is experimentally shown that similar conversion efficiencies are achieved in the presence and absence of disorder, indicating robustness against potential fabrication errors. We expect that this work can be applied to develop compact, tunable wavelength conversion systems operating at very low power levels which are robust against certain types of disorder.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0659four-wave mixingtopological devicesnonlinear integrated opticsultra-silicon-rich nitridecmos |
| spellingShingle | Choi Ju Won Sohn Byoung-Uk Chen George F.R. Gao Hongwei Mitchell William J. Ng Doris K.T. Tan Dawn T.H. Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide Nanophotonics four-wave mixing topological devices nonlinear integrated optics ultra-silicon-rich nitride cmos |
| title | Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide |
| title_full | Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide |
| title_fullStr | Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide |
| title_short | Disorder robust, ultra-low power, continuous-wave four-wave mixing in a topological waveguide |
| title_sort | disorder robust ultra low power continuous wave four wave mixing in a topological waveguide |
| topic | four-wave mixing topological devices nonlinear integrated optics ultra-silicon-rich nitride cmos |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0659 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT choijuwon disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide AT sohnbyounguk disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide AT chengeorgefr disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide AT gaohongwei disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide AT mitchellwilliamj disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide AT ngdoriskt disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide AT tandawnth disorderrobustultralowpowercontinuouswavefourwavemixinginatopologicalwaveguide |