Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis
Direct somatic embryogenesis represents a fundamental tool for obtaining genetically homogeneous clones; however, its commercial scaling faces critical challenges at various stages of the process. In this study, a protocol is standardized for the induction and germination of somatic embryos from lea...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| author | Marileydi Zuta-Puscan Jegnes Benjamín Meléndez-Mori Eyner Huaman-Huaman Yoiner Kalin Lapiz-Culqui Reyna Stefani Mego-Pérez Manuel Oliva-Cruz |
| author_facet | Marileydi Zuta-Puscan Jegnes Benjamín Meléndez-Mori Eyner Huaman-Huaman Yoiner Kalin Lapiz-Culqui Reyna Stefani Mego-Pérez Manuel Oliva-Cruz |
| author_sort | Marileydi Zuta-Puscan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Direct somatic embryogenesis represents a fundamental tool for obtaining genetically homogeneous clones; however, its commercial scaling faces critical challenges at various stages of the process. In this study, a protocol is standardized for the induction and germination of somatic embryos from leaf segments, rooting, and acclimatization of four <i>Coffea arabica</i> hybrids: Casiopea, Excelencia, H3, and Milenio. The results show that the Casiopea and Excelencia hybrids achieve the highest induction rates (71.64% and 74.43%) and embryo production (8.74 and 10) per explant in the M1 medium, while these values are significantly lower for H3 and Milenio. In addition, the germination and conversion of embryos into plantlets are more efficient in the woody plant medium (WPM), while rooting is optimized using indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations between 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and 3 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, regardless of the hybrid. During the acclimatization phase, plantlets treated with mycorrhizae exhibit improved morphological, physiological, and nutritional indicators, achieving a superior quality according to the Dickson index. These findings significantly reduce production times by establishing precise standards for each genotype, thereby overcoming existing gaps in production protocols and providing a solid foundation for industrial growth. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a619e97078f7437cbee6b0a51332b0cc |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-a619e97078f7437cbee6b0a51332b0cc2025-01-24T13:16:45ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-01-0115110810.3390/agronomy15010108Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic EmbryogenesisMarileydi Zuta-Puscan0Jegnes Benjamín Meléndez-Mori1Eyner Huaman-Huaman2Yoiner Kalin Lapiz-Culqui3Reyna Stefani Mego-Pérez4Manuel Oliva-Cruz5Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Chachapoyas 01001, PeruInstituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Chachapoyas 01001, PeruInstituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Chachapoyas 01001, PeruInstituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Chachapoyas 01001, PeruPrograma de Ingeniería Agrónoma, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas 01001, PeruInstituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva (INDES-CES), Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza (UNTRM), Chachapoyas 01001, PeruDirect somatic embryogenesis represents a fundamental tool for obtaining genetically homogeneous clones; however, its commercial scaling faces critical challenges at various stages of the process. In this study, a protocol is standardized for the induction and germination of somatic embryos from leaf segments, rooting, and acclimatization of four <i>Coffea arabica</i> hybrids: Casiopea, Excelencia, H3, and Milenio. The results show that the Casiopea and Excelencia hybrids achieve the highest induction rates (71.64% and 74.43%) and embryo production (8.74 and 10) per explant in the M1 medium, while these values are significantly lower for H3 and Milenio. In addition, the germination and conversion of embryos into plantlets are more efficient in the woody plant medium (WPM), while rooting is optimized using indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations between 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and 3 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, regardless of the hybrid. During the acclimatization phase, plantlets treated with mycorrhizae exhibit improved morphological, physiological, and nutritional indicators, achieving a superior quality according to the Dickson index. These findings significantly reduce production times by establishing precise standards for each genotype, thereby overcoming existing gaps in production protocols and providing a solid foundation for industrial growth.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/108coffee hybridsgrowth regulatorsmycorrhizaeregenerationRubiaceaetissue culture |
| spellingShingle | Marileydi Zuta-Puscan Jegnes Benjamín Meléndez-Mori Eyner Huaman-Huaman Yoiner Kalin Lapiz-Culqui Reyna Stefani Mego-Pérez Manuel Oliva-Cruz Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis Agronomy coffee hybrids growth regulators mycorrhizae regeneration Rubiaceae tissue culture |
| title | Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_full | Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_short | Standardization of Micropropagation for Four Hybrids of <i>Coffea arabica</i> Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis |
| title_sort | standardization of micropropagation for four hybrids of i coffea arabica i through direct somatic embryogenesis |
| topic | coffee hybrids growth regulators mycorrhizae regeneration Rubiaceae tissue culture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/108 |
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