A Systematic Literature Review of the Latest Advancements in XAI

This systematic review details recent advancements in the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) from 2014 to 2024. XAI utilises a wide range of frameworks, techniques, and methods used to interpret machine learning (ML) black-box models. We aim to understand the technical advancements i...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zaid M. Altukhi, Sojen Pradhan, Nasser Aljohani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Technologies
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7080/13/3/93
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Summary:This systematic review details recent advancements in the field of Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) from 2014 to 2024. XAI utilises a wide range of frameworks, techniques, and methods used to interpret machine learning (ML) black-box models. We aim to understand the technical advancements in the field and future directions. We followed the PRISMA methodology and selected 30 relevant publications from three main databases: IEEE Xplore, ACM, and ScienceDirect. Through comprehensive thematic analysis, we categorised the research into three main topics: ‘model developments’, ‘evaluation metrics and methods’, and ‘user-centred and XAI system design’. Our results uncover ‘What’, ‘How’, and ‘Why’ these advancements were developed. We found that 13 papers focused on model developments, 8 studies focused on the XAI evaluation metrics, and 12 papers focused on user-centred and XAI system design. Moreover, it was found that these advancements aimed to bridge the gap between technical model outputs and user understanding.
ISSN:2227-7080