Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study
Background: The rapid global spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the lack of established therapeutic choices led to development of several vaccines. Our aim was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of the Oxford-AstraZeneca adenovirus vectored vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infe...
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Medical University of Gdańsk
2024-12-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://ejtcm.gumed.edu.pl/articles/196493.pdf |
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| author | Shahrbanoo Sedigh Sarooni Malihe Mohammadi Seyed Mohammad Riahi |
| author_facet | Shahrbanoo Sedigh Sarooni Malihe Mohammadi Seyed Mohammad Riahi |
| author_sort | Shahrbanoo Sedigh Sarooni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The rapid global spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the lack of established therapeutic choices led to development of several vaccines. Our aim was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of the Oxford-AstraZeneca adenovirus vectored vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in people who were vaccinated with 2 or 3 doses of it.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to September 2021 on 997 people, who had received at least 2 doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. Demographic and clinical data were recorded using a questionnaire. The effectiveness of the vaccine was calculated based on the percentage of vaccinated people with confirmed and probable cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. SPSS software was used for data analysis, and a significance level of p < 0.05 was chosen.
Results: After vaccination with the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> doses, 355 (35.6%) and 26 (8.3%) participants contracted the SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. Breakthrough infection after the 2<sup>nd</sup> dose was significantly higher in females (p < 0.001), those with older age (p = 0.021), diabetes (p = 0.003) and hypertension (p < 0.001). Additionally, a significant correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 infection after the 3<sup>rd</sup> dose and chronic kidney disease (p = 0.022) and a history of infection after the second dose (p < 0.001). The prevalence of vaccine side effects after the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> doses was 51.7% and 13.4%, respectively.
Conclusions: The effectiveness of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine in preventing SARS-CoV-2 increased from 64.4% after 2 doses to 91.7% after the 3<sup>rd</sup> dose, therefore it is recommended to administer a 3<sup>rd</sup> dose to ensure strong immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Based on our data the safety of this vaccine is acceptable. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a5de51dabf734ffdae2e1bc1de0d4ac7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2657-3148 2657-3156 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | Medical University of Gdańsk |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-a5de51dabf734ffdae2e1bc1de0d4ac72025-08-20T03:35:32ZengMedical University of GdańskEuropean Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine2657-31482657-31562024-12-01722639196493Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional studyShahrbanoo Sedigh Sarooni0https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6465-6883Malihe Mohammadi1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4818-4510Seyed Mohammad Riahi2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3184-2126Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IranDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, IranDepartment of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, IranBackground: The rapid global spread of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the lack of established therapeutic choices led to development of several vaccines. Our aim was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of the Oxford-AstraZeneca adenovirus vectored vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections in people who were vaccinated with 2 or 3 doses of it. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2021 to September 2021 on 997 people, who had received at least 2 doses of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine. Demographic and clinical data were recorded using a questionnaire. The effectiveness of the vaccine was calculated based on the percentage of vaccinated people with confirmed and probable cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection. SPSS software was used for data analysis, and a significance level of p < 0.05 was chosen. Results: After vaccination with the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> doses, 355 (35.6%) and 26 (8.3%) participants contracted the SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. Breakthrough infection after the 2<sup>nd</sup> dose was significantly higher in females (p < 0.001), those with older age (p = 0.021), diabetes (p = 0.003) and hypertension (p < 0.001). Additionally, a significant correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 infection after the 3<sup>rd</sup> dose and chronic kidney disease (p = 0.022) and a history of infection after the second dose (p < 0.001). The prevalence of vaccine side effects after the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> doses was 51.7% and 13.4%, respectively. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine in preventing SARS-CoV-2 increased from 64.4% after 2 doses to 91.7% after the 3<sup>rd</sup> dose, therefore it is recommended to administer a 3<sup>rd</sup> dose to ensure strong immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Based on our data the safety of this vaccine is acceptable.https://ejtcm.gumed.edu.pl/articles/196493.pdfsars-cov-2oxford-astrazenecaefficacysafetyadverse effects |
| spellingShingle | Shahrbanoo Sedigh Sarooni Malihe Mohammadi Seyed Mohammad Riahi Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine sars-cov-2 oxford-astrazeneca efficacy safety adverse effects |
| title | Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Safety and efficacy of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults: a cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | safety and efficacy of the oxford astrazeneca vaccine against sars cov 2 after 2nd and 3rd dose in adults a cross sectional study |
| topic | sars-cov-2 oxford-astrazeneca efficacy safety adverse effects |
| url | https://ejtcm.gumed.edu.pl/articles/196493.pdf |
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