Human papillomavirus E1 proteins inhibit RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS, TLR3-TRIF, cGAS-STING, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways to evade innate antiviral immunity

Human papillomavirus E1 proteins inhibit RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS, TLR3-TRIF, cGAS-STING, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways to evade innate antiviral immunity

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major etiological agent of both malignant and benign lesions, with high-risk types, such as HPV16 and HPV18, being strongly linked to cervical cancer, while low-risk types like HPV11 are associated with benign conditions. While viral proteins such as E6 and E7 are wel...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jin-Xin Li, Jing Zhang, Cheng-Hao Li, Yun-Fang Li, Hui-Min Chen, Tao Li, Qing Zhang, Bei-Hua Kong, Pei-Hui Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-04-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
HPV E1
innate immunity
RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS
cGAS-STING
JAK-STAT
immune evasion
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1549766/full
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