Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats
Schistosomiasis, caused by <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i>, continues to pose a major public health threat in East Asia, with an estimated 71 million people at risk of infection. Domestic animals, especially buffaloes and goats, serve as important reservoir hosts, facilitating the transmiss...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Xiang Gui Bing Shao Haoran Zhong Rongxue Lv Hao Li Ke Lu Yang Hong Zhiqiang Fu Zhenjie Lu Mengge Xu Yamei Jin Jinming Liu |
| author_facet | Xiang Gui Bing Shao Haoran Zhong Rongxue Lv Hao Li Ke Lu Yang Hong Zhiqiang Fu Zhenjie Lu Mengge Xu Yamei Jin Jinming Liu |
| author_sort | Xiang Gui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Schistosomiasis, caused by <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i>, continues to pose a major public health threat in East Asia, with an estimated 71 million people at risk of infection. Domestic animals, especially buffaloes and goats, serve as important reservoir hosts, facilitating the transmission of the parasite to humans. While praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line treatment for schistosomiasis due to its broad-spectrum efficacy against adult schistosomes, its prophylactic potential is less explored. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PZQ in preventing <i>S. japonicum</i> infection in buffaloes and goats via assessing worm burden, worm size, hematological changes, and immune modulation. In the present study, buffaloes and goats were pretreated with PZQ at various doses (7–25 mg/kg body weight), followed by infection with <i>S. japonicum</i> cercariae. The results showed significant reductions in total worm burden and female worm burden, with one oral administration at 13 mg/kg for buffaloes and one injection at 25 mg/kg for goats offering the most robust protection. Worm length was also significantly reduced in both buffaloes and goats, indicating that PZQ not only prevented infection in this study but also inhibited worm growth. Furthermore, PZQ pretreatment modulated immune responses, as evidenced by increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in buffaloes and Lym% in goats. These findings suggest that PZQ has significant prophylactic potential in livestock, offering a practical solution for reducing schistosome transmission from animals to humans in endemic regions. Additionally, this study indicates that PZQ pretreatment does not contribute to resistance development, as newly established infections are effectively cleared during the initial treatment window. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a5c02c397c0a48f5b0a71c33dc09493a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj-art-a5c02c397c0a48f5b0a71c33dc09493a2025-01-24T13:42:18ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-12-011311710.3390/microorganisms13010017Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and GoatsXiang Gui0Bing Shao1Haoran Zhong2Rongxue Lv3Hao Li4Ke Lu5Yang Hong6Zhiqiang Fu7Zhenjie Lu8Mengge Xu9Yamei Jin10Jinming Liu11National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaNational Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, ChinaSchistosomiasis, caused by <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i>, continues to pose a major public health threat in East Asia, with an estimated 71 million people at risk of infection. Domestic animals, especially buffaloes and goats, serve as important reservoir hosts, facilitating the transmission of the parasite to humans. While praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line treatment for schistosomiasis due to its broad-spectrum efficacy against adult schistosomes, its prophylactic potential is less explored. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PZQ in preventing <i>S. japonicum</i> infection in buffaloes and goats via assessing worm burden, worm size, hematological changes, and immune modulation. In the present study, buffaloes and goats were pretreated with PZQ at various doses (7–25 mg/kg body weight), followed by infection with <i>S. japonicum</i> cercariae. The results showed significant reductions in total worm burden and female worm burden, with one oral administration at 13 mg/kg for buffaloes and one injection at 25 mg/kg for goats offering the most robust protection. Worm length was also significantly reduced in both buffaloes and goats, indicating that PZQ not only prevented infection in this study but also inhibited worm growth. Furthermore, PZQ pretreatment modulated immune responses, as evidenced by increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in buffaloes and Lym% in goats. These findings suggest that PZQ has significant prophylactic potential in livestock, offering a practical solution for reducing schistosome transmission from animals to humans in endemic regions. Additionally, this study indicates that PZQ pretreatment does not contribute to resistance development, as newly established infections are effectively cleared during the initial treatment window.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/17<i>Schistosoma japonicum</i>praziquantellivestockprevention |
| spellingShingle | Xiang Gui Bing Shao Haoran Zhong Rongxue Lv Hao Li Ke Lu Yang Hong Zhiqiang Fu Zhenjie Lu Mengge Xu Yamei Jin Jinming Liu Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats Microorganisms <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> praziquantel livestock prevention |
| title | Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats |
| title_full | Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats |
| title_short | Effect of Praziquantel on Preventing Delayed Infection of <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> in Buffaloes and Goats |
| title_sort | effect of praziquantel on preventing delayed infection of i schistosoma japonicum i in buffaloes and goats |
| topic | <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i> praziquantel livestock prevention |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/13/1/17 |
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