Cystoid Macular Edema Following Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair Surgery: Incidence, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors and Treatment

Enrico Bernardi,1 Neil Shah,2 Lorenzo Ferro Desideri,1,3 Jelena Potic,4 Janice Roth,1,2 Rodrigo Anguita1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland; 2Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 3Bern Photographi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bernardi E, Shah N, Ferro Desideri L, Potic J, Roth J, Anguita R
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dove Medical Press 2025-02-01
Series:Clinical Ophthalmology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.dovepress.com/cystoid-macular-edema-following-rhegmatogenous-retinal-detachment-repa-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Enrico Bernardi,1 Neil Shah,2 Lorenzo Ferro Desideri,1,3 Jelena Potic,4 Janice Roth,1,2 Rodrigo Anguita1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, CH-3010, Switzerland; 2Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; 3Bern Photographic Reading Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; 4Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, SwitzerlandCorrespondence: Rodrigo Anguita, Email rodrigoanguita@gmail.comPurpose: To review the incidence, risk factors, and treatments for cystoid macular edema (CME) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair surgery.Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases. Relevant studies published within the last 20 years were selected and reviewed.Results: The incidence of CME following RRD repair ranges from 6% to 36%, with higher rates associated with silicone oil tamponade. Key risk factors include recurrent RRD, pre-existing proliferative vitreoretinopathy, older age, and post-RRD cataract surgery. Treatment options primarily focus on anti-inflammatory approaches, with topical NSAIDs and corticosteroids as first-line treatments. For persistent cases, intravitreal corticosteroid injections, particularly dexamethasone implants, have shown potential.Conclusion: CME remains a significant complication following RRD repair, impacting visual recovery. While various treatment options exist, management of persistent CME remains challenging. Better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of CME is required to develop more effective treatment strategies, particularly for cases resistant to current therapies.Plain Language Summary: Cystoid macular edema is a common complication following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair, affecting visual recovery. Its incidence varies widely, influenced by surgical approach and patient factors. Treatment primarily involves anti-inflammatory medications, with intravitreal corticosteroids showing promise for persistent cases. Further research is needed to improve management of this challenging complication.Keywords: retinal detachment, cystoid macular edema, vitrectomy, scleral buckle, silicone oil, steroids, retinectomy, PVR
ISSN:1177-5483