Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience

Background: Immunophenotyping by flowcytometry improves both the accuracy and reproducibility of an acute leukemia (AL) diagnosis. The morphologically similar blast cells can be easily differentiated by immunophenotyping based on expression and different CD (cluster of differentiation) markers. It a...

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Main Authors: Monika Sharma, Nutan Dixit, Taruna Bansal, Vijay Kumar, Sai Jyoti
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2025-01-01
Series:Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth
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Online Access:https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_996_23
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author Monika Sharma
Nutan Dixit
Taruna Bansal
Vijay Kumar
Sai Jyoti
author_facet Monika Sharma
Nutan Dixit
Taruna Bansal
Vijay Kumar
Sai Jyoti
author_sort Monika Sharma
collection DOAJ
description Background: Immunophenotyping by flowcytometry improves both the accuracy and reproducibility of an acute leukemia (AL) diagnosis. The morphologically similar blast cells can be easily differentiated by immunophenotyping based on expression and different CD (cluster of differentiation) markers. It also plays a crucial role in the identification of aberrant antigens. The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of aberrant phenotypes in newly diagnosed cases of acute leukemia and its correlation with hematological parameters. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the phenotype of blast cells from 72 patients with acute leukemia diagnosed over a one and half year period. Diagnosis of acute leukemia was based on morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. Results: Out of the total 72 cases of Acute leukemia, 40 (55.6%) cases showed aberrant expression. 12/27 cases (44.4%) of AML and 28/45 cases (62.2%) of ALL showed aberrant phenotypes in the present study. Aberrant expression of CD7, 6/27 cases (22.2%) was very frequent in AML. Among the ALL cases, CD13, 14/45 cases (31.1%) were most commonly expressed. The mean total leukocyte count (TLC) and percentage of blasts in peripheral blood were significantly higher in AML and ALL cases with aberrant phenotypes as compared to their conventional phenotypes with no aberrancy. Conclusions: It is of clinical importance to detect aberrant phenotypes for accurate diagnosis and when looking for minimal residual disease during morphologic remission. In addition, aberrant phenotypes in AML and ALL cases are associated with unfavorable hematological features in our study.
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spelling doaj-art-a588a41c6740496c92c3d5a8e6cf52ea2025-08-20T03:11:39ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsMedical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth2589-83022589-83102025-01-01181243110.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_996_23Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center ExperienceMonika SharmaNutan DixitTaruna BansalVijay KumarSai JyotiBackground: Immunophenotyping by flowcytometry improves both the accuracy and reproducibility of an acute leukemia (AL) diagnosis. The morphologically similar blast cells can be easily differentiated by immunophenotyping based on expression and different CD (cluster of differentiation) markers. It also plays a crucial role in the identification of aberrant antigens. The present study was conducted to determine the frequency of aberrant phenotypes in newly diagnosed cases of acute leukemia and its correlation with hematological parameters. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the phenotype of blast cells from 72 patients with acute leukemia diagnosed over a one and half year period. Diagnosis of acute leukemia was based on morphology, cytochemistry, and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry. Results: Out of the total 72 cases of Acute leukemia, 40 (55.6%) cases showed aberrant expression. 12/27 cases (44.4%) of AML and 28/45 cases (62.2%) of ALL showed aberrant phenotypes in the present study. Aberrant expression of CD7, 6/27 cases (22.2%) was very frequent in AML. Among the ALL cases, CD13, 14/45 cases (31.1%) were most commonly expressed. The mean total leukocyte count (TLC) and percentage of blasts in peripheral blood were significantly higher in AML and ALL cases with aberrant phenotypes as compared to their conventional phenotypes with no aberrancy. Conclusions: It is of clinical importance to detect aberrant phenotypes for accurate diagnosis and when looking for minimal residual disease during morphologic remission. In addition, aberrant phenotypes in AML and ALL cases are associated with unfavorable hematological features in our study.https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_996_23aberrant phenotypeacute leukemiaflowcytometry
spellingShingle Monika Sharma
Nutan Dixit
Taruna Bansal
Vijay Kumar
Sai Jyoti
Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
Medical Journal of Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth
aberrant phenotype
acute leukemia
flowcytometry
title Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
title_full Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
title_fullStr Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
title_full_unstemmed Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
title_short Aberrant Expression of CD Markers in Acute Leukemia with Hematological Parameters Correlation: A Single Center Experience
title_sort aberrant expression of cd markers in acute leukemia with hematological parameters correlation a single center experience
topic aberrant phenotype
acute leukemia
flowcytometry
url https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_996_23
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AT tarunabansal aberrantexpressionofcdmarkersinacuteleukemiawithhematologicalparameterscorrelationasinglecenterexperience
AT vijaykumar aberrantexpressionofcdmarkersinacuteleukemiawithhematologicalparameterscorrelationasinglecenterexperience
AT saijyoti aberrantexpressionofcdmarkersinacuteleukemiawithhematologicalparameterscorrelationasinglecenterexperience