Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort
IntroductionPoor sleep quality in childhood can predict sleep quality throughout the lifecourse and other health outcomes. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can affect adults’ sleep quality, and prenatal phenol exposure impacts fetal development.ObjectiveTo assess associations between prenatal phenol c...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| author | Sarah D. Geiger Sarah D. Geiger Xiaoshuang Xun Cai Zhang Cai Zhang Aruna Chandran Kritika Madan Grace Kim Fatima Naveed Megan Woodbury Dana E. Goin Stephanie M. Eick Courtney K. Blackwell Maxwell Mansolf Max Aung Akram Alshawabkeh Dana Dabelea Anne L. Dunlop Assiamira Ferrara Jonika B. Hash Monique Hedderson Erica Jansen Monique LeBourgeois Louise O’Brien Yeyi Zhu Susan L. Schantz Susan L. Schantz |
| author_facet | Sarah D. Geiger Sarah D. Geiger Xiaoshuang Xun Cai Zhang Cai Zhang Aruna Chandran Kritika Madan Grace Kim Fatima Naveed Megan Woodbury Dana E. Goin Stephanie M. Eick Courtney K. Blackwell Maxwell Mansolf Max Aung Akram Alshawabkeh Dana Dabelea Anne L. Dunlop Assiamira Ferrara Jonika B. Hash Monique Hedderson Erica Jansen Monique LeBourgeois Louise O’Brien Yeyi Zhu Susan L. Schantz Susan L. Schantz |
| author_sort | Sarah D. Geiger |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionPoor sleep quality in childhood can predict sleep quality throughout the lifecourse and other health outcomes. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can affect adults’ sleep quality, and prenatal phenol exposure impacts fetal development.ObjectiveTo assess associations between prenatal phenol concentrations and child sleep outcomes.MethodsWe used data from the National Institutes of Health-funded Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort (n = 1,198) that were collected from 2008 to 2019 at several sites across the United States. The present analysis was conducted in 2023–2024. Using single-pollutant and mixture models, we examined associations between prenatal phenol concentrations and three key child sleep quality outcomes: sleep problems, disturbance, and impairment. Child sleep outcomes were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment scales. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted models were examined, with stratified models and interaction terms used to examine interactions with child sex.ResultsOf the eight phenols assessed, higher prenatal methylparaben concentrations were associated with lower child sleep-related impairment scores (β = −4.79, 95% CI: −9.45 to −0.14). Sex modified the associations for benzophenone-3 and PROMIS sleep disturbance T-scores, where the association was stronger among boys (tertile 3 vs. 1, β = 3.20; 95% CI: 0.27–6.14; p = 0.033) and did not persist among girls. Bisphenol A was associated with sleep-related impairment among boys (tertile 2 vs. 1, β = −5.69; 95% CI: 0.55–10.82; p = 0.031). Phenol mixtures were not associated with sleep outcomes overall or by sex.ConclusionThe findings suggest that phenol exposure during pregnancy may be associated with child sleep quality and that child sex modifies this association. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a54147b7298b42e190dfb586b3160f07 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-a54147b7298b42e190dfb586b3160f072025-08-20T03:38:53ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602025-08-011310.3389/fped.2025.15330151533015Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohortSarah D. Geiger0Sarah D. Geiger1Xiaoshuang Xun2Cai Zhang3Cai Zhang4Aruna Chandran5Kritika Madan6Grace Kim7Fatima Naveed8Megan Woodbury9Dana E. Goin10Stephanie M. Eick11Courtney K. Blackwell12Maxwell Mansolf13Max Aung14Akram Alshawabkeh15Dana Dabelea16Anne L. Dunlop17Assiamira Ferrara18Jonika B. Hash19Monique Hedderson20Erica Jansen21Monique LeBourgeois22Louise O’Brien23Yeyi Zhu24Susan L. Schantz25Susan L. Schantz26Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United StatesBeckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesCollege of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United StatesColumbia Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United StatesGangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United StatesDepartment of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United StatesKeck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United StatesCollege of Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United StatesLifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States0Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States1Center for Upstream Prevention of Adiposity and Diabetes Mellitus (UPSTREAM), Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States2Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States3Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States4Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States5Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States6Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States3Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United StatesBeckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United StatesIntroductionPoor sleep quality in childhood can predict sleep quality throughout the lifecourse and other health outcomes. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can affect adults’ sleep quality, and prenatal phenol exposure impacts fetal development.ObjectiveTo assess associations between prenatal phenol concentrations and child sleep outcomes.MethodsWe used data from the National Institutes of Health-funded Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Cohort (n = 1,198) that were collected from 2008 to 2019 at several sites across the United States. The present analysis was conducted in 2023–2024. Using single-pollutant and mixture models, we examined associations between prenatal phenol concentrations and three key child sleep quality outcomes: sleep problems, disturbance, and impairment. Child sleep outcomes were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Sleep Disturbance and Sleep-Related Impairment scales. Unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted models were examined, with stratified models and interaction terms used to examine interactions with child sex.ResultsOf the eight phenols assessed, higher prenatal methylparaben concentrations were associated with lower child sleep-related impairment scores (β = −4.79, 95% CI: −9.45 to −0.14). Sex modified the associations for benzophenone-3 and PROMIS sleep disturbance T-scores, where the association was stronger among boys (tertile 3 vs. 1, β = 3.20; 95% CI: 0.27–6.14; p = 0.033) and did not persist among girls. Bisphenol A was associated with sleep-related impairment among boys (tertile 2 vs. 1, β = −5.69; 95% CI: 0.55–10.82; p = 0.031). Phenol mixtures were not associated with sleep outcomes overall or by sex.ConclusionThe findings suggest that phenol exposure during pregnancy may be associated with child sleep quality and that child sex modifies this association.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1533015/fullchildenvironmental pollutantsphenolssleep qualitypregnancy |
| spellingShingle | Sarah D. Geiger Sarah D. Geiger Xiaoshuang Xun Cai Zhang Cai Zhang Aruna Chandran Kritika Madan Grace Kim Fatima Naveed Megan Woodbury Dana E. Goin Stephanie M. Eick Courtney K. Blackwell Maxwell Mansolf Max Aung Akram Alshawabkeh Dana Dabelea Anne L. Dunlop Assiamira Ferrara Jonika B. Hash Monique Hedderson Erica Jansen Monique LeBourgeois Louise O’Brien Yeyi Zhu Susan L. Schantz Susan L. Schantz Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort Frontiers in Pediatrics child environmental pollutants phenols sleep quality pregnancy |
| title | Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort |
| title_full | Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort |
| title_fullStr | Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort |
| title_short | Environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the ECHO cohort |
| title_sort | environmental phenol mixture during pregnancy and child sleep quality in the echo cohort |
| topic | child environmental pollutants phenols sleep quality pregnancy |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2025.1533015/full |
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