Fractal Geometry: Surface Characterization of Printing Paper
This study investigates the surface characteristics of printing papers using fractal geometry, focusing on surface roughness and surface friction as independent properties. The fractal dimension (FD) was analyzed using the power spectral density method, which provided a more distinct characterizatio...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Fractal and Fractional |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3110/9/2/123 |
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| Summary: | This study investigates the surface characteristics of printing papers using fractal geometry, focusing on surface roughness and surface friction as independent properties. The fractal dimension (FD) was analyzed using the power spectral density method, which provided a more distinct characterization of paper surfaces compared to the variogram method. Surface roughness and friction were measured using a stylus-based contact profilometer, and mean absolute deviation (MAD) parameters, such as the mean absolute deviation of surface roughness (<i>RMAD</i>) and friction, were calculated to capture surface variability. The results revealed that while conventional parameters, such as roughness average (<i>Ra</i>) and the average coefficient of friction, are highly sensitive to measurement conditions, MAD-based parameters demonstrate greater robustness and stability. For instance, the regression equation for <i>RMAD</i> vs. <i>Ra</i> showed a strong correlation, with an R² value close to 1.0. However, the slopes were significantly less than one. Furthermore, FD exhibited weak correlations with surface roughness and friction, with R² values of 0.342 and 0.016, respectively, highlighting its unique ability to characterize autocorrelation or complexity of surface. Additionally, the effects of coating on paper surfaces were evaluated, revealing reduced flocculation of surface profiles but a 5% increase in FD, indicating enhanced surface complexity. These findings underscore the complementary role of FD in providing a comprehensive understanding of surface properties, with potential applications in quality control and the design of paper products. |
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| ISSN: | 2504-3110 |