Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response

Due to the high sensitivity and room temperature operation of atomic magnetometers, they have significant applications in many fields. An emerging area is the highly sensitive biomagnetic measurement in magnetically unshielded environments, which is crucial for medical diagnostics. However, in magne...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Rui Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Sensors
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1364
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850031212065718272
author Rui Zhang
author_facet Rui Zhang
author_sort Rui Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Due to the high sensitivity and room temperature operation of atomic magnetometers, they have significant applications in many fields. An emerging area is the highly sensitive biomagnetic measurement in magnetically unshielded environments, which is crucial for medical diagnostics. However, in magnetically unshielded environments, atomic magnetometers often encounter situations where their orientation deviates from the optimal operating posture, and there has been insufficient research on the frequency response information of atomic magnetometers under such conditions. Addressing this issue, we modeled the atomic magnetometer using the Bloch equations and obtained approximate analytical solutions for the frequency response of the atomic magnetometer in different orientations, which were experimentally verified using a Bell–Bloom magnetometer. We found that although the magnetic resonance spectrum of the magnetometer is influenced by the orientation of the magnetometer, the frequency response of the magnetometer can be made independent of its orientation by judiciously selecting the demodulation components used for the operation of the magnetometer. This finding is important for biomagnetic detection in magnetically unshielded environments where orientation-robust measurements of AC magnetic signals are required.
format Article
id doaj-art-a51e35c888ee461da951a722e5360e62
institution DOAJ
issn 1424-8220
language English
publishDate 2025-02-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Sensors
spelling doaj-art-a51e35c888ee461da951a722e5360e622025-08-20T02:59:01ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-02-01255136410.3390/s25051364Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency ResponseRui Zhang0National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, AMS, Beijing 100071, ChinaDue to the high sensitivity and room temperature operation of atomic magnetometers, they have significant applications in many fields. An emerging area is the highly sensitive biomagnetic measurement in magnetically unshielded environments, which is crucial for medical diagnostics. However, in magnetically unshielded environments, atomic magnetometers often encounter situations where their orientation deviates from the optimal operating posture, and there has been insufficient research on the frequency response information of atomic magnetometers under such conditions. Addressing this issue, we modeled the atomic magnetometer using the Bloch equations and obtained approximate analytical solutions for the frequency response of the atomic magnetometer in different orientations, which were experimentally verified using a Bell–Bloom magnetometer. We found that although the magnetic resonance spectrum of the magnetometer is influenced by the orientation of the magnetometer, the frequency response of the magnetometer can be made independent of its orientation by judiciously selecting the demodulation components used for the operation of the magnetometer. This finding is important for biomagnetic detection in magnetically unshielded environments where orientation-robust measurements of AC magnetic signals are required.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1364atomic magnetometerfrequency responseorientation
spellingShingle Rui Zhang
Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response
Sensors
atomic magnetometer
frequency response
orientation
title Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response
title_full Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response
title_fullStr Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response
title_short Influence of Atomic Magnetometer’s Orientation on Its Frequency Response
title_sort influence of atomic magnetometer s orientation on its frequency response
topic atomic magnetometer
frequency response
orientation
url https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/5/1364
work_keys_str_mv AT ruizhang influenceofatomicmagnetometersorientationonitsfrequencyresponse