Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.

Infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) occurs in over half the global population, causing recurrent orofacial and/or genital lesions. Individual strains of HSV-1 demonstrate differences in neurovirulence in vivo, suggesting that viral genetic differences may impact phenotype. Here differentia...

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Main Authors: Colleen A Mangold, Molly M Rathbun, Daniel W Renner, Chad V Kuny, Moriah L Szpara
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021-03-01
Series:PLoS Pathogens
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009441&type=printable
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author Colleen A Mangold
Molly M Rathbun
Daniel W Renner
Chad V Kuny
Moriah L Szpara
author_facet Colleen A Mangold
Molly M Rathbun
Daniel W Renner
Chad V Kuny
Moriah L Szpara
author_sort Colleen A Mangold
collection DOAJ
description Infection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) occurs in over half the global population, causing recurrent orofacial and/or genital lesions. Individual strains of HSV-1 demonstrate differences in neurovirulence in vivo, suggesting that viral genetic differences may impact phenotype. Here differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells were infected with one of three HSV-1 strains known to differ in neurovirulence in vivo. Host and viral RNA were sequenced simultaneously, revealing strain-specific differences in both viral and host transcription in infected neurons. Neuronal morphology and immunofluorescence data highlight the pathological changes in neuronal cytoarchitecture induced by HSV-1 infection, which may reflect host transcriptional changes in pathways associated with adherens junctions, integrin signaling, and others. Comparison of viral protein levels in neurons and epithelial cells demonstrated that a number of differences were neuron-specific, suggesting that strain-to-strain variations in host and virus transcription are cell type-dependent. Together, these data demonstrate the importance of studying virus strain- and cell-type-specific factors that may contribute to neurovirulence in vivo, and highlight the specificity of HSV-1-host interactions.
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publishDate 2021-03-01
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spelling doaj-art-a4fdd934eabb4e28b211589288b2fed72025-08-20T02:01:05ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Pathogens1553-73661553-73742021-03-01173e100944110.1371/journal.ppat.1009441Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.Colleen A MangoldMolly M RathbunDaniel W RennerChad V KunyMoriah L SzparaInfection with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) occurs in over half the global population, causing recurrent orofacial and/or genital lesions. Individual strains of HSV-1 demonstrate differences in neurovirulence in vivo, suggesting that viral genetic differences may impact phenotype. Here differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuronal cells were infected with one of three HSV-1 strains known to differ in neurovirulence in vivo. Host and viral RNA were sequenced simultaneously, revealing strain-specific differences in both viral and host transcription in infected neurons. Neuronal morphology and immunofluorescence data highlight the pathological changes in neuronal cytoarchitecture induced by HSV-1 infection, which may reflect host transcriptional changes in pathways associated with adherens junctions, integrin signaling, and others. Comparison of viral protein levels in neurons and epithelial cells demonstrated that a number of differences were neuron-specific, suggesting that strain-to-strain variations in host and virus transcription are cell type-dependent. Together, these data demonstrate the importance of studying virus strain- and cell-type-specific factors that may contribute to neurovirulence in vivo, and highlight the specificity of HSV-1-host interactions.https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009441&type=printable
spellingShingle Colleen A Mangold
Molly M Rathbun
Daniel W Renner
Chad V Kuny
Moriah L Szpara
Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.
PLoS Pathogens
title Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.
title_full Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.
title_fullStr Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.
title_full_unstemmed Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.
title_short Viral infection of human neurons triggers strain-specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes.
title_sort viral infection of human neurons triggers strain specific differences in host neuronal and viral transcriptomes
url https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1009441&type=printable
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