Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment

Abstract BackgroundVaccine information and misinformation are spread through social media in ways that may vary by platform. Understanding the role social media plays in shaping vaccine preferences is crucial for policymakers and researchers. ObjectiveThis study ai...

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Main Authors: Robbie Maris, Zack Dorner, Stephane Hess, Steven Tucker
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: JMIR Publications 2025-05-01
Series:JMIR Infodemiology
Online Access:https://infodemiology.jmir.org/2025/1/e66081
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author Robbie Maris
Zack Dorner
Stephane Hess
Steven Tucker
author_facet Robbie Maris
Zack Dorner
Stephane Hess
Steven Tucker
author_sort Robbie Maris
collection DOAJ
description Abstract BackgroundVaccine information and misinformation are spread through social media in ways that may vary by platform. Understanding the role social media plays in shaping vaccine preferences is crucial for policymakers and researchers. ObjectiveThis study aims to test whether social media use is associated with changes in vaccine preferences during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand, and whether trust in sources of information has a moderating role. MethodsOur data consist of a balanced panel of 257 web-based respondents in New Zealand in August 2020, October-November 2020, and March-April 2021. We use a novel approach with stated choice panel data to study transitions between different vaccine preference groups. We analyze the associations between these transitions and social media use. We classify respondents as resistant (never chose a vaccine), hesitant (chose a vaccine between 1 and 5 times), and provaccine (chose a vaccine 6 out of 6 times) in each wave of data. ResultsWe found a positive or neutral association between social media use and vaccine uptake. Facebook, Twitter (pre-2022), and TikTok users who are provaccine are less likely to become hesitant or resistant. Facebook and Instagram users who are hesitant are more likely to become pro. Some social media platforms may have a more positive association with vaccine uptake preferences for those who do not trust the government. ConclusionsThe paper contributes to the wider literature, which shows social media can be associated with reinforcing both pro and antivaccination sentiment, and these results depend on where individuals get their information from and their trust in such sources.
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spelling doaj-art-a4e37809e3ef438e82d1a820dcedcbd62025-08-20T02:39:35ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Infodemiology2564-18912025-05-015e66081e6608110.2196/66081Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice ExperimentRobbie Marishttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-9845-4606Zack Dornerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4216-6714Stephane Hesshttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-3650-2518Steven Tuckerhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-8096 Abstract BackgroundVaccine information and misinformation are spread through social media in ways that may vary by platform. Understanding the role social media plays in shaping vaccine preferences is crucial for policymakers and researchers. ObjectiveThis study aims to test whether social media use is associated with changes in vaccine preferences during the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand, and whether trust in sources of information has a moderating role. MethodsOur data consist of a balanced panel of 257 web-based respondents in New Zealand in August 2020, October-November 2020, and March-April 2021. We use a novel approach with stated choice panel data to study transitions between different vaccine preference groups. We analyze the associations between these transitions and social media use. We classify respondents as resistant (never chose a vaccine), hesitant (chose a vaccine between 1 and 5 times), and provaccine (chose a vaccine 6 out of 6 times) in each wave of data. ResultsWe found a positive or neutral association between social media use and vaccine uptake. Facebook, Twitter (pre-2022), and TikTok users who are provaccine are less likely to become hesitant or resistant. Facebook and Instagram users who are hesitant are more likely to become pro. Some social media platforms may have a more positive association with vaccine uptake preferences for those who do not trust the government. ConclusionsThe paper contributes to the wider literature, which shows social media can be associated with reinforcing both pro and antivaccination sentiment, and these results depend on where individuals get their information from and their trust in such sources.https://infodemiology.jmir.org/2025/1/e66081
spellingShingle Robbie Maris
Zack Dorner
Stephane Hess
Steven Tucker
Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment
JMIR Infodemiology
title Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment
title_full Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment
title_fullStr Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment
title_full_unstemmed Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment
title_short Social Media and the Evolution of Vaccine Preferences During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Discrete Choice Experiment
title_sort social media and the evolution of vaccine preferences during the covid 19 pandemic discrete choice experiment
url https://infodemiology.jmir.org/2025/1/e66081
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