Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species
Lanostene-derived triterpenoids and β-glucans are important metabolites in <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms associated with benefits to human health. The medicinal value of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> species remains unclear, with no data on triterpenoid distribution or glucan...
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2024-10-01
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| author | Aline De Oliveira Campos Mark D. Harrison David L. Marshall Peter James Strong |
| author_facet | Aline De Oliveira Campos Mark D. Harrison David L. Marshall Peter James Strong |
| author_sort | Aline De Oliveira Campos |
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| description | Lanostene-derived triterpenoids and β-glucans are important metabolites in <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms associated with benefits to human health. The medicinal value of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> species remains unclear, with no data on triterpenoid distribution or glucan content. In the present study, 22 Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> specimens were analyzed for triterpenoid and glucan contents. Thirty-two triterpenoids were identified in the fruiting bodies of 19 of the specimens. Distinct patterns in triterpenoid distribution between laccate and matte fruiting bodies were observed, leading to the classification of four groups of <i>Ganoderma</i>. Most of the glucans in the <i>Ganoderma</i> fruiting bodies were β-glucans (~99%), with a nominal α-glucan content (~1%). The β-glucan content ranged from 19.5 to 43.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>). A range of antioxidant activities was observed for methanol extracts using the ABTS (1.8 to 8.4 mg GAE.g<sup>−1</sup>), DPPH (1.7 to 9.4 mg GAE/g<sup>−1</sup>) and FRAP (24.7 to 111.6 mmol FeSO<sub>4</sub>.g<sup>−1</sup>) assays, with four specimens presenting relatively high radical scavenging and reducing activities. For the first time, we demonstrated that Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms contain medicinal triterpenoids, including ganoderic acid A, and we established a link between its distribution and the fruiting body morphology. However, further research is required to isolate diploid clones and determine factors that impact triterpenoid and glucan synthesis in these strains. |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-a4da2e04124e482ab2bb8e2d0328202c2025-08-20T02:10:54ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2024-10-01101072310.3390/jof10100723Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> SpeciesAline De Oliveira Campos0Mark D. Harrison1David L. Marshall2Peter James Strong3Center for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, AustraliaCenter for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, AustraliaCentral Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, AustraliaCenter for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4000, AustraliaLanostene-derived triterpenoids and β-glucans are important metabolites in <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms associated with benefits to human health. The medicinal value of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> species remains unclear, with no data on triterpenoid distribution or glucan content. In the present study, 22 Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> specimens were analyzed for triterpenoid and glucan contents. Thirty-two triterpenoids were identified in the fruiting bodies of 19 of the specimens. Distinct patterns in triterpenoid distribution between laccate and matte fruiting bodies were observed, leading to the classification of four groups of <i>Ganoderma</i>. Most of the glucans in the <i>Ganoderma</i> fruiting bodies were β-glucans (~99%), with a nominal α-glucan content (~1%). The β-glucan content ranged from 19.5 to 43.5% (<i>w</i>/<i>w</i>). A range of antioxidant activities was observed for methanol extracts using the ABTS (1.8 to 8.4 mg GAE.g<sup>−1</sup>), DPPH (1.7 to 9.4 mg GAE/g<sup>−1</sup>) and FRAP (24.7 to 111.6 mmol FeSO<sub>4</sub>.g<sup>−1</sup>) assays, with four specimens presenting relatively high radical scavenging and reducing activities. For the first time, we demonstrated that Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms contain medicinal triterpenoids, including ganoderic acid A, and we established a link between its distribution and the fruiting body morphology. However, further research is required to isolate diploid clones and determine factors that impact triterpenoid and glucan synthesis in these strains.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/10/723ganoderic acids<i>Ganoderma</i> mushroomsmass spectrometrymetabolitemorphologytriterpenoid |
| spellingShingle | Aline De Oliveira Campos Mark D. Harrison David L. Marshall Peter James Strong Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species Journal of Fungi ganoderic acids <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms mass spectrometry metabolite morphology triterpenoid |
| title | Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species |
| title_full | Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species |
| title_short | Distributions of Lanostene-Derived Triterpenoids and Glucan Content in the Fruiting Bodies of the Australian <i>Ganoderma</i> Species |
| title_sort | distributions of lanostene derived triterpenoids and glucan content in the fruiting bodies of the australian i ganoderma i species |
| topic | ganoderic acids <i>Ganoderma</i> mushrooms mass spectrometry metabolite morphology triterpenoid |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/10/10/723 |
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