Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review

Point-of-care electroencephalography (POC-EEG) systems are rapid-access, reduced-montage devices designed to address the limitations of conventional EEG (conv-EEG), enabling faster neurophysiological assessment in acute settings. This review evaluates their clinical impact, diagnostic performance, a...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Roberto Fratangelo, Francesco Lolli, Maenia Scarpino, Antonello Grippo
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Neurology International
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8377/17/4/48
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850144160809484288
author Roberto Fratangelo
Francesco Lolli
Maenia Scarpino
Antonello Grippo
author_facet Roberto Fratangelo
Francesco Lolli
Maenia Scarpino
Antonello Grippo
author_sort Roberto Fratangelo
collection DOAJ
description Point-of-care electroencephalography (POC-EEG) systems are rapid-access, reduced-montage devices designed to address the limitations of conventional EEG (conv-EEG), enabling faster neurophysiological assessment in acute settings. This review evaluates their clinical impact, diagnostic performance, and feasibility in non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and delirium. A comprehensive search of Medline, Scopus, and Embase identified 69 studies assessing 15 devices. In suspected NCSE, POC-EEG facilitates rapid seizure detection and prompt diagnosis, making it particularly effective in time-sensitive and resource-limited settings. Its after-hours availability and telemedicine integration ensure continuous coverage. AI-assisted tools enhance interpretability and accessibility, enabling use by non-experts. Despite variability in accuracy, it supports triaging, improving management, treatment decisions and outcomes while reducing hospital stays, transfers, and costs. In TBI, POC-EEG-derived quantitative EEG (qEEG) indices reliably detect structural lesions, support triage, and minimize unnecessary CT scans. They also help assess concussion severity and predict recovery. For strokes, POC-EEG aids triage by detecting large vessel occlusions (LVOs) with high feasibility in hospital and prehospital settings. In delirium, spectral analysis and AI-assisted models enhance diagnostic accuracy, broadening its clinical applications. Although POC-EEG is a promising screening tool, challenges remain in diagnostic variability, technical limitations, and AI optimization, requiring further research.
format Article
id doaj-art-a4cd84cdbe204428baa7f1e224178246
institution OA Journals
issn 2035-8377
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Neurology International
spelling doaj-art-a4cd84cdbe204428baa7f1e2241782462025-08-20T02:28:27ZengMDPI AGNeurology International2035-83772025-03-011744810.3390/neurolint17040048Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative ReviewRoberto Fratangelo0Francesco Lolli1Maenia Scarpino2Antonello Grippo3UOC Neurologia, Ospedale San Giuseppe, 50053 Empoli, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, ItalyNeurophysiology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyNeurophysiology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, ItalyPoint-of-care electroencephalography (POC-EEG) systems are rapid-access, reduced-montage devices designed to address the limitations of conventional EEG (conv-EEG), enabling faster neurophysiological assessment in acute settings. This review evaluates their clinical impact, diagnostic performance, and feasibility in non-convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, and delirium. A comprehensive search of Medline, Scopus, and Embase identified 69 studies assessing 15 devices. In suspected NCSE, POC-EEG facilitates rapid seizure detection and prompt diagnosis, making it particularly effective in time-sensitive and resource-limited settings. Its after-hours availability and telemedicine integration ensure continuous coverage. AI-assisted tools enhance interpretability and accessibility, enabling use by non-experts. Despite variability in accuracy, it supports triaging, improving management, treatment decisions and outcomes while reducing hospital stays, transfers, and costs. In TBI, POC-EEG-derived quantitative EEG (qEEG) indices reliably detect structural lesions, support triage, and minimize unnecessary CT scans. They also help assess concussion severity and predict recovery. For strokes, POC-EEG aids triage by detecting large vessel occlusions (LVOs) with high feasibility in hospital and prehospital settings. In delirium, spectral analysis and AI-assisted models enhance diagnostic accuracy, broadening its clinical applications. Although POC-EEG is a promising screening tool, challenges remain in diagnostic variability, technical limitations, and AI optimization, requiring further research.https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8377/17/4/48point-of-care EEGportable EEG systemsrapid neurological diagnosticsnon-convulsive status epilepticus managementtraumatic brain injury assessmentstroke detection
spellingShingle Roberto Fratangelo
Francesco Lolli
Maenia Scarpino
Antonello Grippo
Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review
Neurology International
point-of-care EEG
portable EEG systems
rapid neurological diagnostics
non-convulsive status epilepticus management
traumatic brain injury assessment
stroke detection
title Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review
title_full Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review
title_fullStr Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review
title_full_unstemmed Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review
title_short Point-of-Care Electroencephalography in Acute Neurological Care: A Narrative Review
title_sort point of care electroencephalography in acute neurological care a narrative review
topic point-of-care EEG
portable EEG systems
rapid neurological diagnostics
non-convulsive status epilepticus management
traumatic brain injury assessment
stroke detection
url https://www.mdpi.com/2035-8377/17/4/48
work_keys_str_mv AT robertofratangelo pointofcareelectroencephalographyinacuteneurologicalcareanarrativereview
AT francescololli pointofcareelectroencephalographyinacuteneurologicalcareanarrativereview
AT maeniascarpino pointofcareelectroencephalographyinacuteneurologicalcareanarrativereview
AT antonellogrippo pointofcareelectroencephalographyinacuteneurologicalcareanarrativereview