Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats

BackgroundPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) arises from an imbalance between harmful factors like gastric acid and pepsin, and the protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal lining, particularly the mucus–bicarbonate barrier. Standard treatments include proton pump inhibitors (e.g., lansoprazole) and hi...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Naheed Amir, Hassan Abu Damir, Karam Ghazal-Aswad, Mohamed Hassan, Mukhtar Adem, Mahmoud A. Ali, Salim Bastaki, Ernest Adeghate, Abdu Adem
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-06-01
Series:Frontiers in Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1544422/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849434700019400704
author Naheed Amir
Hassan Abu Damir
Karam Ghazal-Aswad
Mohamed Hassan
Mukhtar Adem
Mahmoud A. Ali
Salim Bastaki
Ernest Adeghate
Abdu Adem
author_facet Naheed Amir
Hassan Abu Damir
Karam Ghazal-Aswad
Mohamed Hassan
Mukhtar Adem
Mahmoud A. Ali
Salim Bastaki
Ernest Adeghate
Abdu Adem
author_sort Naheed Amir
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) arises from an imbalance between harmful factors like gastric acid and pepsin, and the protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal lining, particularly the mucus–bicarbonate barrier. Standard treatments include proton pump inhibitors (e.g., lansoprazole) and histamine H₂-receptor antagonists (e.g., ranitidine), but these can have adverse effects. Withania coagulans, a plant used in Ayurvedic medicine, has traditionally been considered to have anti-ulcer properties. This study investigated the potential of W. coagulans fruit extract to protect against gastric ulcers, possibly via H₂ receptor antagonism.AimTo evaluate the gastroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of W. coagulans fruit extract in a rat model of gastric ulcer.MethodsA dose–response study was conducted using rats divided into six groups: naïve, ulcer control, and four groups treated with W. coagulans extract (1, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg). Acidified ethanol was used to induce ulcers. In another experiment, pylorus-ligated rats were used to assess the extract’s effect on gastric acid secretion in response to dimaprit, a histamine analog. For efficacy comparison, rats were pretreated with W. coagulans, lansoprazole, or ranitidine before ulcer induction. Gastric tissues were analyzed for biochemical markers, including cytokines, mucus, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and myeloperoxidase activity.ResultsThe 10 mg/kg dose was most effective in reducing gastric ulceration. The extract reduced gastric acid secretion, like H₂ blockers. It also showed stronger antioxidant activity in gastric tissues compared to lansoprazole and ranitidine. Additionally, it reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6), increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β), enhanced mucus and PGE2 production, and lowered myeloperoxidase activity.ConclusionWithania coagulans fruit extract at 10 mg/kg significantly protects against acid-induced gastric ulcers. Its effects are comparable to H₂ receptor blockers and include notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.
format Article
id doaj-art-a4b3e86e8bc74ccfba970cf48b4bee43
institution Kabale University
issn 2296-858X
language English
publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Medicine
spelling doaj-art-a4b3e86e8bc74ccfba970cf48b4bee432025-08-20T03:26:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-06-011210.3389/fmed.2025.15444221544422Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in ratsNaheed Amir0Hassan Abu Damir1Karam Ghazal-Aswad2Mohamed Hassan3Mukhtar Adem4Mahmoud A. Ali5Salim Bastaki6Ernest Adeghate7Abdu Adem8Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Medical College, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, PakistanDepartment of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDivision of Hospital Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United StatesDepartment of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Pharmacology & Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Pharmacology & Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab EmiratesDepartment of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab EmiratesBackgroundPeptic ulcer disease (PUD) arises from an imbalance between harmful factors like gastric acid and pepsin, and the protective mechanisms of the gastrointestinal lining, particularly the mucus–bicarbonate barrier. Standard treatments include proton pump inhibitors (e.g., lansoprazole) and histamine H₂-receptor antagonists (e.g., ranitidine), but these can have adverse effects. Withania coagulans, a plant used in Ayurvedic medicine, has traditionally been considered to have anti-ulcer properties. This study investigated the potential of W. coagulans fruit extract to protect against gastric ulcers, possibly via H₂ receptor antagonism.AimTo evaluate the gastroprotective effects and underlying mechanisms of W. coagulans fruit extract in a rat model of gastric ulcer.MethodsA dose–response study was conducted using rats divided into six groups: naïve, ulcer control, and four groups treated with W. coagulans extract (1, 5, 10, or 20 mg/kg). Acidified ethanol was used to induce ulcers. In another experiment, pylorus-ligated rats were used to assess the extract’s effect on gastric acid secretion in response to dimaprit, a histamine analog. For efficacy comparison, rats were pretreated with W. coagulans, lansoprazole, or ranitidine before ulcer induction. Gastric tissues were analyzed for biochemical markers, including cytokines, mucus, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and myeloperoxidase activity.ResultsThe 10 mg/kg dose was most effective in reducing gastric ulceration. The extract reduced gastric acid secretion, like H₂ blockers. It also showed stronger antioxidant activity in gastric tissues compared to lansoprazole and ranitidine. Additionally, it reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6), increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β), enhanced mucus and PGE2 production, and lowered myeloperoxidase activity.ConclusionWithania coagulans fruit extract at 10 mg/kg significantly protects against acid-induced gastric ulcers. Its effects are comparable to H₂ receptor blockers and include notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1544422/fullWithania coagulansWister ratsgastric ulcer protectionhistamine blockeranti-oxidative stressanti-inflammatory
spellingShingle Naheed Amir
Hassan Abu Damir
Karam Ghazal-Aswad
Mohamed Hassan
Mukhtar Adem
Mahmoud A. Ali
Salim Bastaki
Ernest Adeghate
Abdu Adem
Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
Frontiers in Medicine
Withania coagulans
Wister rats
gastric ulcer protection
histamine blocker
anti-oxidative stress
anti-inflammatory
title Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
title_full Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
title_fullStr Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
title_full_unstemmed Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
title_short Withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect: comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
title_sort withania coagulans fruit extract antiulcerogenic effect comparative study with lansoprazole and ranitidine in rats
topic Withania coagulans
Wister rats
gastric ulcer protection
histamine blocker
anti-oxidative stress
anti-inflammatory
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1544422/full
work_keys_str_mv AT naheedamir withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT hassanabudamir withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT karamghazalaswad withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT mohamedhassan withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT mukhtaradem withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT mahmoudaali withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT salimbastaki withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT ernestadeghate withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats
AT abduadem withaniacoagulansfruitextractantiulcerogeniceffectcomparativestudywithlansoprazoleandranitidineinrats