Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Background This study aims to compare the mortality rates of OHCA patients with and without COVID-19 infection across different follow-up periods and explores the factors may play a significant role in determining OHCA outcomes. Methods This study utilized data from the US Collaborative Net...

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Main Authors: Nai-Chen Shih, Han-Wei Yeh, Shun-Fa Yang, Yu-Hsun Wang, Chung-Hsien Chaou, Chao-Bin Yeh
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01395-2
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author Nai-Chen Shih
Han-Wei Yeh
Shun-Fa Yang
Yu-Hsun Wang
Chung-Hsien Chaou
Chao-Bin Yeh
author_facet Nai-Chen Shih
Han-Wei Yeh
Shun-Fa Yang
Yu-Hsun Wang
Chung-Hsien Chaou
Chao-Bin Yeh
author_sort Nai-Chen Shih
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background This study aims to compare the mortality rates of OHCA patients with and without COVID-19 infection across different follow-up periods and explores the factors may play a significant role in determining OHCA outcomes. Methods This study utilized data from the US Collaborative Network in TriNetX. A total of 25,271 hospitalized OHCA patients were recruited from records spanning from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023. Study population divided into two groups, COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative groups. The mortality risk of the two groups was observed based on different follow-up periods. Subgroup analyses on sex, age, antivirals use, COVID-19 virus variant epidemic period were also conducted. Results Our study included 2,776 patients in each group (COVID vs. non-COVID). The primary outcome was mortality at 14-day and 90-day follow-ups. COVID-19 patients had a lower 14-day mortality (HR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76–0.88) but higher 90-day mortality (HR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.24) compared to non-COVID-19 patients. Secondary outcomes included higher mortality in COVID-19 patients under 65, and this trend persisted in those aged 65 and over. Male COVID-19 patients had elevated mortality risk. The Alpha and Delta variant period showed a higher mortality rate for COVID-19 patients than non-COVID-19 patients. Conclusion COVID-19 was associated with a higher risk of mortality in OHCA patients.
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spelling doaj-art-a4aa1f1de6c947b99a347c1e1d4d7b352025-08-20T02:55:28ZengBMCScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine1757-72412025-05-013311910.1186/s13049-025-01395-2Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort studyNai-Chen Shih0Han-Wei Yeh1Shun-Fa Yang2Yu-Hsun Wang3Chung-Hsien Chaou4Chao-Bin Yeh5Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalInstitute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityInstitute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalInstitute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical UniversityAbstract Background This study aims to compare the mortality rates of OHCA patients with and without COVID-19 infection across different follow-up periods and explores the factors may play a significant role in determining OHCA outcomes. Methods This study utilized data from the US Collaborative Network in TriNetX. A total of 25,271 hospitalized OHCA patients were recruited from records spanning from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023. Study population divided into two groups, COVID-19 positive and COVID-19 negative groups. The mortality risk of the two groups was observed based on different follow-up periods. Subgroup analyses on sex, age, antivirals use, COVID-19 virus variant epidemic period were also conducted. Results Our study included 2,776 patients in each group (COVID vs. non-COVID). The primary outcome was mortality at 14-day and 90-day follow-ups. COVID-19 patients had a lower 14-day mortality (HR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76–0.88) but higher 90-day mortality (HR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.24) compared to non-COVID-19 patients. Secondary outcomes included higher mortality in COVID-19 patients under 65, and this trend persisted in those aged 65 and over. Male COVID-19 patients had elevated mortality risk. The Alpha and Delta variant period showed a higher mortality rate for COVID-19 patients than non-COVID-19 patients. Conclusion COVID-19 was associated with a higher risk of mortality in OHCA patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01395-2COVID-19 infectionOut-of-hospital cardiac arrestMortalityRetrospective cohort study
spellingShingle Nai-Chen Shih
Han-Wei Yeh
Shun-Fa Yang
Yu-Hsun Wang
Chung-Hsien Chaou
Chao-Bin Yeh
Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study
Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine
COVID-19 infection
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Mortality
Retrospective cohort study
title Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study
title_full Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study
title_fullStr Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study
title_full_unstemmed Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study
title_short Impact of COVID-19 on mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation: a retrospective cohort study
title_sort impact of covid 19 on mortality in out of hospital cardiac arrest patients with return of spontaneous circulation a retrospective cohort study
topic COVID-19 infection
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Mortality
Retrospective cohort study
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-025-01395-2
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